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Livestock, the neglected instrument for pro poor growth Presentation by Carlos Ser é

Livestock, the neglected instrument for pro poor growth Presentation by Carlos Ser é World Development Report 2008 Consultation Meeting, Nairobi 13 November 2006. Presentation overview. 1. Changing Context 2. Livestock and pathways out of poverty

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Livestock, the neglected instrument for pro poor growth Presentation by Carlos Ser é

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  1. Livestock, the neglected instrument for pro poor growth Presentation by Carlos Seré World Development Report 2008 Consultation Meeting, Nairobi 13 November 2006

  2. Presentation overview • 1. Changing Context • 2. Livestock and pathways out of poverty • 3. Livestock: key component of high value agriculture • 4. Income and employment effects • 5. New livestock feed opportunities • 6. Livestock and the development agenda

  3. 1. Changing context = growth opportunities for livestock • 1. The “Livestock Revolution”- rapidly expanding demand for livestock products in developing countries • 2. Emerging diseases - health and trade implications • 3. Conservation agriculture and its impact on associated livestock systems • 4. Increasing scarcity and cost of water • 5. Evolving markets for environmental services - e.g. carbon sinks; wildlife conservation on farms

  4. 1(cont’d). Changing context = growth opportunities for livestock • 6. Expanding agribusiness – private companies recognising new market opportunities in the developing world • 7. Bio-fuels - increasing alternative demands for cereals

  5. 2. Livestock - mediated pathways out of poverty • Securing assets of the poorto reduce vulnerability • Increasing productivityto improve livelihoods • Improving market access for the poor to increase incomes

  6. 2. (cont’d) Livestock – poverty linkages • Livestock as a pathway out of and into poverty • Research undertaken in Kenya, Uganda, India and Peru • - Livestock is a key component of household income diversification strategies • - Loss of livestock assets is strongly associated with downward spirals into poverty

  7. 3. Livestock as a key component of high value agriculture • 1. Income elasticity • 2. Scope for scaling up, and attracting investment • 3. Potential for internalising transaction costs • 4. Dependence on international trade for inputs and outputs • 5. Knowledge and technology requirements • 6. Public policy requirements

  8. 4. Income and employment effects of livestock • 1. Direct employment in livestock sector • 2. Sub contracted farms for livestock production to meet expanding urban and /or export demand • 3. Forward and backward linkages (e.g. feed supply) • 3. Income multipliers - poor communities, additional demand for non tradable goods and services • 4. Quality of jobs • - Farm based employment; more opportunities for women livestock keepers

  9. Direct full-time employment created through dairying at the farm level in Kenyan highlands Source: SDP dairy farm data, and JICA 2003 for total agricultural labour figures

  10. Partnerships for smallholder participation in export markets • Farmer’s Choice, Kenya - private company producing a range of pork products • Exports 30% of production to Middle East, South Asia and regionally in East Africa • Half of total of 40,000 pigs produced per year are from local out growers • Company supports smallholders with inputs/technical advice to meet SPS requirements and participate in high value markets.

  11. Livestock feed - diverse opportunities • 1. Expanding livestock sector leading to growth in the feed industry • 2. Use of cereals in livestock production stabilising cereals markets • 3. More opportunities for non traditional feed crops, able to grow in semi arid environments • e.g. cassava; forage legumes; agroforestry systems • 4. New knowledge-based opportunities for agri- business in feed supplements from various sources

  12. Livestock and the development agenda • 1. Livestock important for sustainable growth and poverty reduction, BUT receiving limited attention • 2. National policy frameworks such as PRSPs give scant recognition to livestock issues • 3. Recent donor initiatives in Science and Technology for agriculture, such as those of Gates and Rockefeller Foundations in Africa, concentrate on crops.

  13. Livestock in the World Development Report • 1. Livestock is important in absolute terms – forming one third of agricultural GDP and growing • 2. Expanding opportunities in the livestock sector for broad based income generation and poverty reduction • 3. Unique, and largely unrecognised, features of livestock as a high value commodity, different from crops, that should be treated in depth in the WDR.

  14. International Livestock Research Institute Better lives through livestock Animal agriculture to reduce poverty, hunger and environmental degradation in developing countries ILRI  www.ilri.org

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