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Copy the objectives and agenda into your daily work organizer, then complete the Catalyst. Catalyst (Do Now):

Copy the objectives and agenda into your daily work organizer, then complete the Catalyst. Catalyst (Do Now): On your daily work organizer, make at least 5 observations about this picture. Use complete sentences. Observations, Inferences, and the Scientific Method. August 8, 2012 Chemistry.

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Copy the objectives and agenda into your daily work organizer, then complete the Catalyst. Catalyst (Do Now):

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  1. Copy the objectives and agenda into your daily work organizer, then complete the Catalyst. Catalyst (Do Now): On your daily work organizer, make at least 5 observations about this picture. Use complete sentences.

  2. Observations, Inferences, and the Scientific Method August 8, 2012 Chemistry

  3. Let Your Goals Guide You… • Today is the first day of academic work. • Some of your goals are… • “to get straight A’s” • “to pass all my classes” • “do my best” • “go to college” – UCLA, USC, etc. • “become a professional…” - basketball player, surgeon, OBGYN, auto/civil/structural engineer, etc. • Remember your goals as you work hard today!

  4. Objectives • I can compare and contrast quantitative observations, qualitative observations, and inferences. • I can identify the six steps of the scientific method in sequence.

  5. Agenda • Catalyst • Observations and Inferences Demonstration • Introduction to the Scientific Method • Scientific Method Case Study • Exit Slip

  6. Observations Definition: actually witnessed • Qualitative • Use of senses (Ex: This coffee is hot.) • Quantitative • Numbers and measurements (Ex: This coffee is 160°F.) Inferences • Definition: an explanation based on background information and experience. An interpretation of an observation • Ex: It must be around 7 a.m. because Ms. Boon is drinking coffee. The inference that it’s around 7 a.m. is based on observations made in the past that when Ms. Boon is drinking coffee, it is the morning.

  7. Demonstration: Practice Making Observations

  8. Demonstration Debrief • Circle your observations that are actually inferences.

  9. The Scientific Method: 6 Steps

  10. An every-day working method • Scenario: • You arrive at home at night, try to switch on the light and nothing happens….. • Hypothesis: • You guess that …..is going on • Experiment Procedure and Data Gathering • You come up with a plan and test your guess • Analysis • Did it work? Or not • Conclusions • And what next?

  11. Investigative Question: Observation: Identify a problem interesting to you. What do you want to know or explain? Hypothesis: What do you think will happen? Prediction, guess an explanation for the problem Needs to be testable Before the Experiment

  12. The Experiment 3. Procedure: Design an experiment. • Plan: How will you test your hypothesis? • Materials: what do you need to test the hypothesis? • Procedure: a step by step plan of your investigation • Safety Rules: the precautions to be followed during the experiment 4. Data: Perform the experiment • Follow your plan • Collect and record the data

  13. After the Experiment 5. Analysis • Look at the data, organize them (data tables, graphs) • Are the data consistent and reliable? • Compare data to your hypothesis 6. Conclusions • Reflect on your analysis • Does the experiment address the problem? • Do the data support or contradict your hypothesis? • Can you extend your observations to other situations? • Do you need more experiments to prove or disprove your hypothesis? • Are there alternative explanations?

  14. What if your data do not support your hypothesis? • The experiment was a waste of time • The experiment had flaws, redesign it and do the new experiment • The experiment went well, so repeat it again and again until it supports your hypothesis • The experiment went well. Use the collected data to change hypothesis and design new experiment to test it.

  15. Practice: Scientific Method • Worksheet 1: “The Strange Case of BeriBeri” • Worksheet 2: More Scientific Method Practice • Worksheet 3 (Homework): How Penicillin was discovered

  16. Exit Slip 1: Observations and Scientific Method • Put all your materials away except for a pencil or pen. • Work silently on the exit slip. • When you are done, turn over your exit slip and wait silently.

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