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Chapter 25 Acids and Bases

Chapter 25 Acids and Bases. Acids and Bases. Arrhenius Acids and Bases. Acids produce H + in aqueous solutions water HCl H + ( aq ) + Cl - ( aq ) Bases produce OH - in aqueous solutions water NaOH Na + ( aq ) + OH - ( aq ). Acids.

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Chapter 25 Acids and Bases

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  1. Chapter 25Acids and Bases Acids and Bases LecturePLUS Timberlake

  2. Arrhenius Acids and Bases • Acids produce H+ in aqueous solutions water HCl H+(aq) + Cl- (aq) • Bases produce OH- in aqueous solutions water NaOH Na+(aq) + OH- (aq) LecturePLUS Timberlake

  3. Acids • Produce H+ (as H3O+) ions in water • Produce a negative ion (-) too • Taste sour • Corrode metals • React with bases to form salts and water LecturePLUS Timberlake

  4. Bases • Produce OH- ions in water • Taste bitter, chalky • Are electrolytes • Feel soapy, slippery • React with acids to form salts and water LecturePLUS Timberlake

  5. Learning Check AB1 Describe the solution in each of the following as: 1) acid 2) base or 3)neutral. A. ___soda B. ___soap C. ___coffee D. ___ wine E. ___ water F. ___ grapefruit LecturePLUS Timberlake

  6. Solution AB1 Describe each solution as: 1) acid 2) base or 3) neutral. A. _1_ soda B. _2_ soap C. _1_ coffee D. _1_ wine E. _3_ water F. _1_ grapefruit LecturePLUS Timberlake

  7. Learning Check AB2 Identify each as characteristic of an A) acid or B) base ____ 1. Sour taste ____ 2. Produces OH- in aqueous solutions ____ 3. Chalky taste ____ 4. Is an electrolyte ____ 5. Produces H+ in aqueous solutions LecturePLUS Timberlake

  8. Solution AB2 Identify each as a characteristic of an A) acid or B) base _A_ 1. Sour taste _B_ 2. Produces OH- in aqueous solutions _B_ 3. Chalky taste A, B4. Is an electrolyte _A_ 5. Produces H+ in aqueous solutions LecturePLUS Timberlake

  9. Some Common Acids HClhydrochloric acid HNO3 nitric acid H3PO4 phosphoric acid H2SO4 sulfuric acid CH3COOH acetic acid LecturePLUS Timberlake

  10. Some Common Bases NaOH sodium hydroxide KOH potassium hydroxide Ba(OH)2 ________________________ Mg(OH)2________________________ Al(OH)3 aluminum hydroxide LecturePLUS Timberlake

  11. Learning Check AB4 Match the formulas with the names: A. ___ HNO21)hydrochloric acid B. ___ Ca(OH)2 2) sulfuric acid C. ___ H2SO4 3) sodium hydroxide D. ___ HCl 4) nitrous acid E. ___ NaOH 5) calcium hydroxide LecturePLUS Timberlake

  12. Solution AB4 Match the formulas with the names: A. _4__ HNO21)hydrochloric acid B. _5__ Ca(OH)2 2) sulfuric acid C. _2__ H2SO4 3) sodium hydroxide D. _1__ HCl 4) nitrous acid E. _3__ NaOH 5) calcium hydroxide LecturePLUS Timberlake

  13. Learning Check AB5 Acid, Base Name or Salt CaCl2 ______ _________________ KOH ______ _________________ Ba(OH)2 ______ _________________ HBr ______ _________________ H2SO4 ______ __________________ LecturePLUS Timberlake

  14. Solution AB5 Acid, Base Name or Salt CaCl2 salt calcium chloride KOH base potassiuim hydroxide Ba(OH)2 base barium hydroxide HBr acid hydrobromic acid H2SO4 acid sulfuric acid LecturePLUS Timberlake

  15. Bronsted-Lowry Acids Acids are hydrogen ion (H+) donors Bases are hydrogen ion (H+) acceptors HCl + H2O H3O+ + Cl- donor acceptor + - + + LecturePLUS Timberlake

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