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The History of Computing

The History of Computing. Parallel Inventions The Generations. Parallel inventions. Babbage Difference Engine - One kind of equation 1822 Analytical Engine - Programmable 1833 Ada Byron (Lovelace) first programmer 1833 Problem of scale Mauchley & Eckert ENIAC - Must be rewired 1943-6

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The History of Computing

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  1. The History of Computing Parallel Inventions The Generations

  2. Parallel inventions • Babbage • Difference Engine - One kind of equation 1822 • Analytical Engine - Programmable 1833 • Ada Byron (Lovelace) first programmer 1833 • Problem of scale • Mauchley & Eckert • ENIAC - Must be rewired 1943-6 • John von Neuman stored program concept • UNIVAC - Programmable Census B. 1951

  3. Generations of Computers • First - Vacuum tubes - 1950s • Large, expensive, subject to tube failure • Programmed in machine language • Second - Transistors - first half of 1960s • Shockley invented transistor in 1947 • Much smaller, faster, more reliable, cheaper • Programmed in FORTRAN, BASICCOBOL (Grace Hopper) • Tyranny of numbers

  4. Computer Generations - Cont. • Third - Integrated Circuits - second half 60s • Noyce invented IC in 1959 • Much smaller, faster, more reliable, cheaper • Wires were part of manufacturing process • Embedded computers • Structured programming languages • Desire to do better

  5. Computer Generations - Cont. • Fourth - LSIC - 1970 to today • Much smaller, faster, more reliable, cheaperMoore’s Law - double capacity/year - same cost • Microprocessor - entire computer on one chip • Personal Computer - Jobs & Wozniak 1976 • VisiCalc - first “killer app” 1979 • WordStar 1980 • DOS, WIN3.1, WIN95…, SYSTEM 7

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