BELL QUIZ: Use pages 698-703

1. BELL QUIZ: Use pages 698-703 • What four factors led Europe into WWI? • What 3 countries formed the alliance referred to as the Triple Entente? • What 3 countries formed the Triple Alliance? • Whose assassination caused Austria-Hungary to declare war on Serbia? • Why did Italy switch sides in May 1915 and fight against Germany?

2. BELL QUIZ ANSWERS • Nationalism, imperialism, militarism, and secret alliances. • Triple Entente was comprised of France, Britain, and Russia. • The Triple Alliance was Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. • The Archduke Francis Ferdinand. • The Triple Entente promised to give land to Italy from Germany and Austria-Hungary once they were defeated (spoils).

3. Brainstorm • What new weapons were used in WW1? • List everything we know about WW1?

4. Assassination: June 28, 1914 Gavrilo Princip: Serbia Archduke Franz Ferdinand: Austria-Hungary

5. The Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand • Ferdinand was the heir to the Austria-Hungary throne. • He is murdered while visiting Sarajevo, the capital of Bosnia-Herzegovina. • Gavril Princip, a member of a terrorist group from Serbia called the Black Hands, killed both Ferdinand and his wife. • Austria-Hungary vows to get revenge on Serbia, secures Germany’s support, and declares war on Serbia. • Serbia quickly secured Russia to come help them. • All other European countries got involved due to their secret alliance. Result=World War

6. Opposing Alliances Triple Entente Triple Alliance Austria-Hungary/Germany/Italy/Bosnia and Herzegovina Austria-Hungary and Germany in 1879 Germany and Italy in 1882 Italy and Austria-Hungary in 1882 Britain/Russia/France Britain and Russia 1907 Russia and France in 1894 France and Britain in 1904 Neutral Countries: Norway, Sweden, Belgium, Switzerland, Romania, Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, Ottoman Empire, Spain, Portugal, Albania, Montenegro, Luxembourg, Denmark, Netherlands.

7. NEW ALLIES • Japan joins the Triple Entente in August 1914. • The Ottoman Empire (Turkey) joins the Triple Alliance in October 1914. (Control the Dardanelles) • Italy switches sides in May 1915 for future land acquisitions (spoils). • Bulgaria joins the Triple Alliance in October 1915.

8. WWI Trench Warfare: “Over the Top” • Germany attacked France by marching through Belgium. • Great Britain declared war on Germany for going through Belgium. • France and Great Britain stop Germany’s advance outside Paris at the Marne River. • Both sides dig in and fight trench warfare style. • The Russians stop the German advance in Poland. Both sides revert to trench warfare. • Britain and the allies attack the Ottoman Empire to maintain control of the Suez Canal and open the Dardanelles to the Russians.

9. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JAuqjEEDlXQ(trench warfare)

10. The U.S. in WW1 • The U.S. initially decided to stay neutral and that the war was strictly a European affair. • However, the U.S. sold food, raw materials, and weapons to both sides. • Eventually the U.S. primarily traded with the Allies. • Trade w/… Britain and France Germany 1914: $754 M 1914: $345 M 1915: $1.28 B 1915: $29 M 1916: $2.75 B 1916: $2 M WHAT HAPPENED?

11. The U.S. in WW1 • The U.S. was shipping war supplies to the Triple Entente on American passenger ships. • In 1917 the U.S. intercepted the Zimmermann telegram arraigning an alliance between Germany and Mexico. Germany would help Mexico reacquire Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas if they would fight on Germany’s side. • Also, Germany sunk with their U-Boats many American ships on the ocean (Lusitania). • Is the U.S. really neutral? • The U.S. declares war on Germany on April 6, 1917.