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Data analysis. Use of computers. Computers. Increasing power Decreasing costs Miniaturization. Mainframes. IBM, VAX, Univac, decsystems Access through hardwired terminals or telephone lines Wireless Timesharing, interactive or batch Access to internet. PCs. Stand alone computers
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Data analysis Use of computers
Computers • Increasing power • Decreasing costs • Miniaturization
Mainframes • IBM, VAX, Univac, decsystems • Access through hardwired terminals or telephone lines • Wireless • Timesharing, interactive or batch • Access to internet
PCs • Stand alone computers • May be networked to a mainframe, or access to a mainframe through a telephone line • Increasingly small and powerful • IBMs and their “clones”, Apples/MacIntoshes
Software • Instructions to the computer • Word processing (WORD), spreadsheets (Excel), databases (Access) • Statistics: SPSS, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences • Data file and program file that defines the data
Data • Coding data—assignment of numbers to values of the variable • Codebook: identifies where each variable is located and the possible values for that variable