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Chapter 6: Interest Groups

Chapter 6: Interest Groups. Linkage Institutions. Interest Groups are one of three main linkage institutions. Interest Groups Media Political Parties. What is a L.I.?. An entity that links the people to the government. Also links the government to the people.

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Chapter 6: Interest Groups

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  1. Chapter 6: Interest Groups

  2. Linkage Institutions • Interest Groups are one of three main linkage institutions. • Interest Groups • Media • Political Parties

  3. What is a L.I.? • An entity that links the people to the government. • Also links the government to the people.

  4. What do interest groups do? • express group members preferences to policy makers • Convey policy information to group members • raise and spend money to advocate for the interest of the group with policymakers. • Inform policy makers of issues

  5. How do they do this? • Letterwriting • Campaign activities • Lobbying • Grass roots organizations • Litigation • Media campaigns • Disseminating information to the public about government affairs.

  6. Lobbying • Lobbyists inform members of Congress on certain issues, what people want, and provide money for upcoming elections.

  7. PACS • Political Action Committees • Parts of the interest groups that raise money to give to candidates.

  8. FEC • In charge of monitoring money. • Allowed for PACS to give unlimited amounts of money: “soft money.”

  9. FECA • Federal Elections Campaign Act • 1971: cannot say “vote for” or vote against (issue advocacy) 1971 • Groups instead “bash” or promote candidates without those words.

  10. BCRA • Bipartisan Campagin reform act--McCain Feingold Bill • Limited ads 60 days before general election, and 30 days before a primary.

  11. BCRA continued…. • Bans corporations and unions from giving soft money. • BCRA does not regulate what groups can do by phone, mail or in person.

  12. Money limitations • PACS $5000 per election • PACS $10,000 per election cycle (primary and general elctions) • $4,000 per individual

  13. Soft Money • Political Parties got around this through the use of soft money

  14. K Street • Street in Washington D.C. filled with think tanks, interest/”advocacy” groups and lobbying firms.

  15. Citizens United vs. FEC • Landmark case that will not be updated on the AP exam, so stick with the old!!!!!! • Says corporations are people, cannot prohibit free speech before elections.

  16. Hillary the Movie • Citizens United wanted to air before elections. • BCRA/McCain Feingold says “no” • Supreme Court says yes: cannot limit free speech of citizens or their arms for communication.

  17. Iron Triangles • A mutually dependent relationship among interest groups, congressional committees and subcommittees and government agencies that share a common policy concern.

  18. Revolving Door • Employment cycle in which individuals who work for governmental agencies regulating interests eventually end up working for interest groups or businesses with the same policy concern.

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