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FINDING NEO. Ocean Record of Ancient Climate. Foraminifera (“ Forams ”) One-celled organisms Widespread through the oceans “Tests” = shells Approximately the size of sand grains Made of CaCO 3 or sediment particles Fossil tests preserved in ocean sediment layers
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Ocean Record of Ancient Climate • Foraminifera (“Forams”) • One-celled organisms • Widespread through the oceans • “Tests” = shells • Approximately the size of sand grains • Made of CaCO3 or sediment particles • Fossil tests preserved in ocean sediment layers • Many modern species have existed for millions of years – scientists can study these “proxies” today!
Living Forams Photo Credits: Dr. Howard Spero, University of California – Davis Video: International Council for Science, Scientific Committee on Ocean Research - ScienceMediaNL
Fossil Foram Tests Photo Credits: Michael Hesemann, Foraminifera EU
Neogloboquadrinapachydermaaka “N. pachy” or “Neo” right coil = warm ocean water left coil = cold ocean water
YOUNGER Low Percent Right Coil (Mostly Left Coil) = Cold Ocean OLDER High Percent Right Coil = Warm Ocean We can use fossil “Neo” tests (shells) to find ancient ocean temperatures
Photo Credits: Texas A & M University, College Station (Ocean Drilling Program)
Finding “Neo” Ocean sediment core
USE “NEO” TO FIND THE CLIMATE HISTORY OCEAN SEDIMENT CORE SOUTHEAST OF NEW ZEALAND Layer 1 10,000 ybp Layer 2 15,000 ybp Layer 3 20,000 ybp ybp = years before present
Neogloboquadrina R L right coil = warm ocean water left coil = cold ocean water
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