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JEDI A S earch for C harged-particle EDMs with S torage R ings

JEDI A S earch for C harged-particle EDMs with S torage R ings. Seminar Cracow 2012. 27.11.2012 | Hans Ströher. JEDI – The srEDM Search at FZ Jülich. Introduction  Precision physics Electric Dipole Moments (EDM)  TV, CPV Physics impact  Baryogenesis, BAU

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JEDI A S earch for C harged-particle EDMs with S torage R ings

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  1. JEDIA Search forCharged-particle EDMs withStorage Rings Seminar Cracow 2012 27.11.2012 | Hans Ströher

  2. JEDI– The srEDM Search at FZ Jülich Introduction  Precision physics Electric Dipole Moments (EDM)  TV, CPV Physics impact  Baryogenesis, BAU Charged particle EDMs  Storage Rings Steps towards realization  Precursor Outline of the talk

  3. JEDI– The srEDM Search at FZ Jülich Introduction Precision physics Electric Dipole Moments (EDM)  TV, CPV PhysicsimpactBaryogenesis, BAU Chargedparticle EDMs  Storage Rings Stepstowardsrealization  Precursor Outline of the talk

  4. Introduction – Big Challenges Perception of the HEP-community: 3 physics „frontiers“

  5. Introduction – Physics Frontiers Search for the origin of mass („Higgs“), SUSY Energy Frontiers of Physical Sciences Energy frontier (LHC and possible future successors)

  6. Introduction – Physics Frontiers Search for the origin of mass („Higgs“), SUSY Energy Frontiers of Physical Sciences Cosmic Quest for „Dark Matter“ and „Dark Energy“ Cosmic frontier (AMANDA, Auger, Icecube, …)

  7. Introduction – Physics Frontiers Search for the origin of mass („Higgs“), SUSY Secrets of neutrinos Energy Intensity Frontiers of Physical Sciences Cosmic Quest for „Dark Matter“ and „Dark Energy“ Intensity frontier (Super-beams)

  8. Introduction – Physics Frontiers Search for the origin of mass („Higgs“), SUSY Secrets of neutrinos Energy Intensity Frontiers of Physical Sciences Cosmic Quest for „Dark Matter“ and „Dark Energy“ (In-)stability of the proton Precision A most promising additional frontier: precision

  9. Introduction – Physics Frontiers Search for the origin of mass („Higgs“), SUSY Secrets of neutrinos Energy Intensity Frontiers of Physical Sciences Cosmic Complexity Quest for „Dark Matter“ and „Dark Energy“ (In-)stability of the proton Precision A most promising additional frontier: precision

  10. Introduction – Physics Frontiers ESPP, Cracow, September 2012 A most promising additional frontier: precision

  11. Introduction – Precision Frontier Johann Jakob Balmer (1885) Balmer Series  H-atom Striving for the ultimate precision/sensitivity: example hydrogen

  12. Introduction – Precision Frontier Johann Jakob Balmer (1885) Balmer Series  H-atom Willis E. Lamb (1947) • Lamb-shift • QED • g/2 = 1 + a/2p • ~ 1.00116 Striving for the ultimate precision/sensitivity

  13. Introduction – Precision Frontier Johann Jakob Balmer (1885) Balmer Series  H-atom Gerald Gabrielse (et al.) (2008) Electron MDM  SM test (…) V. Weisskopf: „To understand hydrogen is to understand all of physics“

  14. Introduction – Precision Frontier Adapted from: Nature, Vol 482 (2012) Example: Neutron (nEDM) Search for Electric Dipole Moments (EDM) of fundamental particles

  15. Introduction – Precision Frontier Nucleon Earth + - 1023 fm expand Current upper limit  separation ~ size of a hair 1 fm An EDM isVEEEEEE … EEERYsmall !!

  16. JEDI– The srEDM Search at FZ Jülich Introduction Precision physics Electric Dipole Moments (EDM)  TV, CPV PhysicsimpactBaryogenesis, BAU Chargedparticle EDMs  Storage Rings Stepstowardsrealization  Precursor Outline of the talk

  17. Physics – Electric Dipoles Definition p = q s Charge separation creates an electric dipole

  18. Physics – Electric Dipoles Definition p = q s Water molecule: permanent electricdipole (has de- generate GS w/ different parity) Example: H2O p ~ 6 x 10-30 C m ~ 4 x 10-9 e cm Charge separation creates an electric dipole

  19. Physics – Fundamental Particles Charge symmetric („round“) no EDM Do particles(e.g., electron, nucleon) have an EDM?

  20. Physics – Fundamental Particles Charge symmetric („round“) no EDM EDM (aligned w/ spin) T operation creates a different state Not charge symmetric d < 10-13 e cm Do particles(e.g., electron, nucleon) have an EDM?

  21. Physics – Discrete Symmetries If CPT holds, EDM violates CP IF particle has an EDM Motivation of N.F. Ramsey, E.M. Purcell to search for nEDM; found no PV: d < 10-20 e cm Violation of discrete symmetries (P and T)

  22. Physics – Discrete Symmetries C.S. Wu et al. (1957) Nobel Prize 1957 Lee,Yang … also observed in m-decay … Parity- (P) and Charge-Parity- (CP) violation

  23. Physics – Discrete Symmetries J. Cronin, V. Fitch et al. (1964) Nobel Prize 1980 Cronin, Fitch … also observed in other systems (B, D) Parity- (P) and Charge-Parity- (CP) violation

  24. Physics – CPV in Standard Model CP symmetry breaking due to the weak interaction: Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa(CKM)-matrix connects the quarkweakeigenstates and the quark masseigenstates: CKM matrix is unitary; if Vij are not real,CP will be violated  finite area of the unitary-triangle! No exp´tly known CPV in QCD (no reason for it; “strong CP problem”)

  25. Physics – Why is CPV so interesting? • CPV in the SM points to physics we do not understand • CPV is highly sensitive to physics beyond the SM (New Physics) • CPV is accessible to a wide range of experiments • New source of CPV required for baryogenesis Physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM)

  26. JEDI– The srEDM Search at FZ Jülich Introduction Precision physics Electric Dipole Moments (EDM)  TV, CPV Physicsimpact BAU, baryogenesis Chargedparticle EDMs  Storage Rings Stepstowardsrealization  Precursor Outline of the talk

  27. Physics – Baryogenesis (…) Matter and antimatter in our Universe

  28. Physics –Baryogenesis Big Bang Early Universe MatterAnti-matter Assertion: Universe „started“ withequalamountsof matter and antimatter !

  29. Physics –Baryogenesis Big Bang Early Universe MatterAnti-matter Verysoon, a slightasymmetrydeveloped(CP- / T-violation)

  30. Physics –Baryogenesis Big Bang Early Universe Matter anti-matter annihilation  photons MatterAnti-matter All theanti-matter annihilatedwith matter

  31. Physics –Baryogenesis Big Bang Early Universe Matter anti-matter annihilation  photons Today MatterAnti-matter Now, onlymatterisleftover!

  32. Physics –Baryogenesis The mystery of the missing antimatter (the puzzle of our existence)

  33. Physics – Baryogenesis Ingredients for baryogenesis: 3 Sakharov conditions

  34. Physics – Potential of EDMs N. Arkani-Hamed (IAS, Princeton) at Intensity Frontier WS, USA (2011)

  35. Physics – Potential of EDMs G. Isidori at ESPP Open Symposium, Cracow (Sept. 2012)

  36. Physics – Potential of EDMs J.M. Pendlebury: „nEDM has killed more theories than any other single expt.“

  37. EDMs – Ongoing/planned Searches new P. Harris, K. Kirch … A huge worldwide effort

  38. EDMs – Why another Experiment ? Strong CP problem J. De Vries … What we may learn from EDMs

  39. EDMs – Why another Experiment ? Hadron EDMs are complex, richer Strong CP problem Need for different EDMs to pin down the source(s)

  40. JEDI– The srEDM Search at FZ Jülich Introduction Precision physics Electric Dipole Moments (EDM)  TV, CPV PhysicsimpactBaryogenesis, BAU Chargedparticle EDMs  Storage Rings Stepstowardsrealization  Precursor Outline of the talk

  41. EDMs – Executive Summary • Electric Dipole Moments (EDMs) ofchargedparticles(p,d, …): • Why ? Physicscase: a fundamental question • Cosmic Baryon Asymmetry • Physicsbeyondthe Standard Model • Highestsensitivity, discovery potential • How ? New technique: spintracking in E-, B-fields • Polarizedparticles • Precision storage ring • Where ? Jülich („bestplace on earth“) • When ? Phases: • Ongoing: Tests at COSY • Step 1: „Precursor“ at COSY+ • Step 2: Dedicated EDM ring • Spin-off ? Accelerators, instrumentation,metrology, … A spectacularopportunitythatshould not bemissed !

  42. EDMs – Measurement Technique (I) Particle in parallel/anti-parallel B- and E-field: Frequency/energy difference due to EDM ( d )

  43. EDMs – Measurement Technique (II) Polarized charged particles in a storage ring: Adapted from: Nature, Vol 482 (2012) MDM EDM EDM ( d ) in E-field produces a minuscule torque ( spin rotation)

  44. EDMs – Storage Ring Technique Polarized charged particles in a storage ring:  development of a transverse polarization component EDM ( d ) in E-field produces a minuscule torque ( spin rotation)

  45. EDMs – Storage Ring Technique Spin Precession (relative to momentum): Thomas – BMT Equation:  Pure electric ring: B = 0, „magic momentum“, only if G > 0 (p)  Combined E- and B- ring  „all-in-one“ (p, d, 3He)  Pure magnetic ring (COSY)  tests „frozen spin“ EDM ( d ) in E-field produces a minuscule torque ( spin rotation)

  46. EDMs – Storage Ring Projects pEDM all-electric ring BNL (via DOE-NP) Twoprojects: US (BNL, FNAL) andEurope (FZJ)

  47. EDMs – Storage Ring Projects pEDM all-electric ring FNAL (via DOE-HEP) Accumulator Twoprojects: US (BNL, FNAL) andEurope (FZJ)

  48. EDMs – Storage Ring Projects pEDM all-electric ring BNL, FNAL (p,d, …)EDM all-in-one ring (E,B) FZJ (COSY): „JEDI“ Twoprojects: US (BNL, FNAL) andEurope (FZJ)

  49. EDMs – Storage Ring Projects pEDM all-electric ring BNL, FNAL (p,d, …)EDM all-in-one ring (E,B) FZJ (COSY): „JEDI“ • Critical (common) R&D projects • Spin Coherence Time ( COSY) • Polarimetry (data base) ( COSY) • Beam Position Monitoring ( RHIC) • Deflectors ( COSY) • Spin Tracking (Simulations) • … Twoprojects: US (BNL, FNAL) andEurope (FZJ)

  50. EDMs – Sensitivity Reach EDM search in charged baryon (systems) pEDM dEDM Adapted from: Nature, Vol 482 (2012) NO direct measurement for proton- and deuteron-EDM yet !

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