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Muslim Empires

Muslim Empires. p. 88-93. I. Ottoman Empire. A. Ottoman Turks take over Byzantine Empire (mid 1200’s). Ruled E. Europe to N. Africa to Arabia B. Good army 1. Janissaries: Christian boys of conquered towns converted & trained into soldiers

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Muslim Empires

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  1. Muslim Empires p. 88-93

  2. I. Ottoman Empire A. Ottoman Turks take over Byzantine Empire (mid 1200’s). Ruled E. Europe to N. Africa to Arabia B. Good army 1. Janissaries: Christian boys of conquered towns converted & trained into soldiers 2. Gunpowder weapons, esp. Cannons

  3. C. 1453 Mehmed II conquered Constantinople & changed name to Istanbul. Hagia Sophia converted to mosque D. Later sultan conquered Syria , Egypt, Mecca & Medina

  4. E. Suleyman I “The Magnificent” control E.Mediterranean into Europe F. Cultural peak

  5. G. Government Sultan issued laws (based on Shariah & Sultan’s decisions) H. Society Judges & advisers Other People loyal to sultan Christians & Jews Muslim form comm. (Millets) Ottoman customs

  6. I. Women’s freedom limited lived separate in harem out of public life J. Some rights: own property or business

  7. II. Safavid Empire A. Persian Muslims from East B. Conflict with Ottomans C. Shia vs. Sunni

  8. D. 150l Esma’il conquered Persia and took title of Shah (or king) 1. official religion (on threat of death) 2. Battled Uzbeks 3. Defeated by Ottomans

  9. E. Shah ‘Abbas 1. modern gunpowder weapons 2. trained conquered boys as warriors defeated Uzbeks 3. contributed to culture & economy

  10. F. Culture & Economy 1. blended Persian & Muslim traditions 2. built mosques in Esfahan (capital) 3. encouraged traditional products 4. trade brought wealth

  11. III. Mughal Empire A. Turkish Muslims from Central Asia B. Babur (tiger) 1. grew empire 2. conquered 3. religious tolerance a. eliminated tax on non-Muslims. b. Included Hindus in government

  12. C. 1600’s new emperor not tolerant 1. destroyed Hindu temples 2. persecuted non-Muslims 3. sent war elephants to crush protesting Sikhs 4. brought about violent revolts

  13. D. Cultural Development: blended building structures E. Taj Mahal – built by Shah Jahan in 1631-1647 for wife’s tomb

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