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Spill and Overfill Prevention

Spill and Overfill Prevention. General Requirements. Must have a spill bucket to prevent small spills during delivery, Must have an overfill prevention device to prevent a large overfill, Must prepare for and monitor deliveries to prevent overfilling in the first place, and

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Spill and Overfill Prevention

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  1. Spill and Overfill Prevention

  2. General Requirements • Must have a spill bucket to prevent small spills during delivery, • Must have an overfill prevention device to prevent a large overfill, • Must prepare for and monitor deliveries to prevent overfilling in the first place, and • Must cleanup overfills and report large ones. The equipment alone will not prevent an overfill. Someone must be paying attention before, during and after the delivery.

  3. Overfill Exemption Not required on UST systems like waste oil tanks that receive less than 25 gallons at a time.

  4. Spill Buckets Should Be • Compatible with petroleum. • Able to keep out water. • Designed to catch small amounts of fuel. • Properly ID’ed. • Routinely cleaned out. • Secure. • Liquid tight. (Graphic courtesy of PEI)

  5. Which one is the spill bucket?

  6. Check the Drain Plug

  7. Product ID RED BLUE WHITE Make sure the colors match the actual product type. RED BLUE WHITE ORANGE Used Oil U

  8. Product ID Make sure the ID tags match the actual product type.

  9. Spill Buckets: What’s Wrong Here?

  10. Spill Bucket Problems • Cracked lids, bad seals. • Compatibility with petroleum. • Integrity of bucket not tested. • Holes, cracks, wear. • Drain plug sticks. • Full of debris, water, sorbents. • Surface damage.

  11. Overfill Prevention

  12. Overfill Prevention Options • Automatic shut-off device (at 95% full) • Ball float valve (at 95% full) • High-level alarm (at 90% full) (Graphic courtesy of PEI)

  13. Automatic Shut-Off Device

  14. Automatic Shut-Off Device • Don’t ever store your stick in the drop tube. • Can cause an overfill. • Can damage overfill device.

  15. Ball Float Valve • Located in vent pipe or vapor recovery pipe. • Cage can rusting out, ball floats away. • Incompatible with • Pressurized deliveries, • Suction piping with air eliminators, • Remote fills, • Coaxial Stage I VR.

  16. Ball Float Valve Open the extractor fitting Find the ball

  17. Ball Float Considerations • In 2005, Petroleum Equipment Institute began advising against using ball float valves for new installations. (RP-100). • Consider replacing them.

  18. Overfill Alarm • Set to alarm when 90% full. • Requires driver, not the operator, be alerted. • Tied into tank gauge or stand-alone alarm. • Common settings: • 90% High • 95% High-High • 100% Max

  19. Overfill Alarm Is it where the driver can see or hear it?

  20. Overfill Alarm Problems • Alarm not where driver can see or hear it. • Driver desensitized to meaning of alarm. • Fuel flowing over 300 gallons/minute. Alarm doesn’t stop anything. • Operator doesn’t hear it or know what it means. • Operator doesn’t know how to respond. • Operators tend to ignore or silence them.

  21. Monitoring Owner or Operator: • Measure the fuel level immediately before each delivery to make sure there is enough room in the tank. • Monitor the entire fuel transfer. • Report and cleanup all overfills.

  22. Careful Preparation

  23. Overfill in Biloxi, MS, 1998

  24. UST Employee Training

  25. Training Employees • New Federal law will eventually require training for UST facility employees. Owner’s responsibility to train. • Training expectations not decided yet. It’s OK Sir. I ‘m a TRAINED PROFESSIONAL!

  26. What attendants and clerks should know • Basic parts of the system. • Emergency shut-down procedures. • Preventing overfills during deliveries. • Who to call if there is a problem.

  27. Corrosion Protection

  28. Overview • General requirements • Equipment • Operation and maintenance • Testing • Problems • Record keeping

  29. General Requirements • Tank and piping must be protected from corrosion. • Includes portions of UST system routinely containing product. • Yes: tank, product piping. • No: vent and fill piping. • Three ways to meet this requirement: • Non-metal materials, • Galvanic cathodic protection, • Impressed current cathodic protection and/or internal epoxy liner.

  30. General Requirements • Non-metal tank/pipe material • Tank: Fiberglass, Fiberglass-clad steel • Pipe: Fiberglass, flexible plastic • Galvanic cathodic protection • STI-p3 • Impressed current cathodic protection • Older systems used in retrofits • Impressed current, internal epoxy lining or both

  31. Equipment: Non-Metal

  32. Equipment: Galvanic Steel

  33. Equipment: Impressed Current

  34. Equipment: Internal Lining

  35. Corrosion Operation and Maintenance • Non-Metal: None. • Galvanic: None. • Impressed current: Check rectifier every 60 days and log results. • Looks for trends over time. • Zero value is not good, no power, no protection.

  36. Corrosion Testing • Galvanic and impressed current system must have cathodic protection test done: • Every 3 years, • By a certified tester (NACE), • As close to original test conditions as possible. • Also, impressed current systems must have current levels checked every 60 days. (Most operators check every 30 days.)

  37. Corrosion Testing • Tester has certain test standards to follow. • All test failures should be promptly investigated. • Tank or piping must demonstrate it has sufficient current to overcome corrosion in soils. • Most common target is -850 mV. • 100 mV shift acceptable.

  38. Corrosion Testing • Test contact at test station or inside tank. • If no test station, should have written procedure.

  39. Corrosion Testing: Steel Pipe • Make sure steel pipe is protected from corrosion. • Pipe may or may not be electronically connected to cathodically protected tank. • Unprotected steel pipe should be removed.

  40. Corrosion Testing: Liner Only • Internal liner must be inspected after 10 years. • Also must be inspected every 5 years thereafter. • A few different testing options available.

  41. Corrosion Problems STIp3 Tank • Cracking isolation bushing. • Coating damaged at installation. Current Current

  42. Corrosion Problems Impressed Current • Anode wires damaged. • Stray current. • Rectifier damaged. • Large decrease in current.

  43. Corrosion Record Keeping • For non-metal materials: keep installation documents. • For galvanic systems, keep last two cathodic protection test results. • For impressed current, keep last three cathodic protection test results plus 60-day monitoring log. (Most operators do it every 30 days.)

  44. Corrosion Considerations • Check metal flex connectors even if not required. • Check rectifier every 30 days and know who to call to troubleshoot.

  45. Suspected Releases

  46. Suspected Releases • About Leaks and Spills • Investigate and Confirm • Reporting • System tests • Site Assessment • Off-site impact • Actual releases • Notify Can you find the leak?

  47. About Leaks and Spills: Sources Other Sources Include: Fuel Filters, Outlet Valve, and Human Spilling

  48. About Leaks and Spills: Causes Other Causes Include: Vandalism, Valve Failure, Contractor Accident, Other Human Error

  49. About Spills and Leaks: Detection

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