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Sidevõrgud IRT 0020 loeng 4 02. okt. 2005

Sidevõrgud IRT 0020 loeng 4 02. okt. 2005. Avo Ots telekommunikatsiooni õppetool raadio- ja sidetehnika instituut avots@lr.ttu.ee. Off-line customer management. Terminal. Extended call control and IN charging. Terminal. Telecom basic service/call control. Access Service. Transmission.

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Sidevõrgud IRT 0020 loeng 4 02. okt. 2005

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  1. SidevõrgudIRT 0020loeng 4 02. okt. 2005 Avo Ots telekommunikatsiooni õppetoolraadio- ja sidetehnika instituut avots@lr.ttu.ee

  2. Off-line customer management Terminal Extended call control and IN charging Terminal Telecom basic service/call control Access Service Transmission Access Service AUser Service Management BUser Service Management A Home Service BHome Service A Portal B Portal Control Service A Terminal B Terminal Session Service Access Transmission Access Teenus võrgus Linear Service Architecture in Legacy Network: Static Services Two-Dimension Service Architecture in NGN: Active Services

  3. Piirkonnad ja piirpinnad T T T GW SCN GW GW GK MCU Packet Network T T

  4. STM 1 155 Mb/s VPI-10, 50 Mb/s VCI-100 VCI-101 VCI-100 VCI-101 VPI-20, 60 Mb/s Virtuaalsed teed ja kanalid (VPI, VCI)

  5. path multiplex section multiplex section regen. section regen. section regenerator section regenerator section ADM or DCS PTE REG REG PTE path termination regen. section termination multipl. section termination regen. section termination path termination PTE = path terminating element MUX = terminal multiplexer REG = regenerator ADM = add/drop multiplexer DCS = digital cross-connect system service (E1, E4..) mapping demapping service (E1, E4..) mapping demapping Layer Concepts

  6. Services (E1, E2, E3, E4, Video, etc.) Layers Payload and Path Overhead Map Payload and Path OH into VC Path Map VC and MS OH into internal signal VC and MS Overhead Multiplex Section STM-N Signal Map internal signal and RS OH into STM-N signal Regen. Section Regen. Section Light Pulse Optical Conversion Physical Photonic Regenerator Terminal Terminal Physical Layer - I.

  7. Order of transmission 1st 2nd S T M 1 270 columns Section overhead (SOH) VC Capacity 9 columns 261 columns

  8. STM-N frame 270 x N Columns 9xN Columns STM-N VC capacity 9 Rows 125 μsec Section Overhead

  9. Frame Structures 270 Columns STM-1 9 Rows 155.52 Mbit/s 1,080 Columns STM-4 9 Rows 622.08 Mbit/s 4,320 Columns STM-16 9 Rows 2488.32 Mbit/s 9 rows x 17280 columns, 9953.28 Mbit/s STM-64

  10. Line, SPE and Payload Rates • Line rate = SOH + SPE • SPE rate = POH + payload capacity + fixed stuffing • VC payload capacity rate = line rate - SOH - POH - fixed stuffing • Transparent bit-stream capacity rate = line rate - SOH - POH • Example for STM-1 frame line rate: • 270 columns x 9 rows = 2430 bytes • 8000 fps x 19440 bits = 155.52 Mbit/s

  11. SONET SDH Line Rate SPE Rate Optical Electrical Level (Mbit/s) (Mbit/s) Level Level STM-1 155.52 150.336 OC-3 STS-3 STM-4 622.08 601.344 OC-12 STS-12 2405.376 STM-16 2488.32 OC-48 STS-48 STM-64 9953.28 9621.504 OC-192 STS-192 STM-256 38486.016 OC-768 STS-768 39813.12 Rate Hierarchy

  12. STM-1 Frame STS-1 Frame STS-1 Frame STS-1 Frame DS1 DS1 DS1 DS1 DS1 E1 E1 E1 E1 E1 DS1C DS1C DS1C DS1C DS1C DS2 DS2 DS2 DS2 DS2 TU TU TU TU TU Mapping Hierarchy - I. STM-N AU SPE-Nc AU AU AU DS1 E1 DS2 DS3/E3 DS3/E3 E4 IP/ATM/Video

  13. Mapping Hierarchy - II. STS-3N STS-3c BULK x1 xN 139 Mbit/s ATM C-4 STM-N AUG AU-4 VC-4 x3 x1 x3 TUG-3 TU-3 VC-3 x1 44 Mbit/s 34 Mbit/s AU-3 VC-3 C-3 STM-0 AUG DS3 BULK x7 STS-1 SPE STS-1 x7 x1 TU-2 VC-2 C-2 6.3 Mbit/s TUG-2 x3 VT group TU-12 VC-12 C-12 2 Mbit/s xN x4 Multiplexing TU-11 VC-11 C-11 1.5 Mbit/s Aligning VT-1.5 Mapping

  14. Uni- and Bi-directional A A A-C A-C F B F B C-A C-A • Only working traffic is shown • Subnetwork (path) or multiplex section switching for protection E C E C D D Bi-directional Ring (2 fibers) Uni-directional Ring (1 fiber)

  15. Tributary Channels STM-N Mux MSTE K1K2 Read/Sel K1K2 Write Working STM-N Protect STM-N MSTE K1K2 Write K1K2 Read/Sel STM -N Mux Tributary Channels Automatic Protection Switching APS = Automatic Protection Switching Allows network to react to failed lines, interfaces, or poor signal quality Performed over the entire STM-N payload Uses K1 and K2 bytes of MS Overhead

  16. Synchronization in Voice Networks Network Clock 0.000001 ppm CB M14 LT LT M14 M14 LT LT M14 CB DS0 Switch E1 E4 prop. E4 E1 E1 E4 prop. E4 E1 f1 20ppm f2 20ppm f3 20ppm f4 20ppm f5 20ppm f6 20ppm • Asynchronous transport network uses pulse stuffing and is transparent to E1 timing

  17. Synchronization Distribution Network Clock (Stratum 1) 0.000001 ppm Dedicated Timing E1 CB M14 LT LT M14 M14 LT LT M13 CB DS0 Switch E1 E4 prop. E4 E1 E1 E4 prop. E4 E1 20ppm 20ppm • Timing distribution is done using embedded E1 facility • Asynchronous transport network is transparent to E1 timing

  18. Initial SDH Deployments Network Clock (Stratum 1) 0.000001 ppm SDH NE SDH NE M14 M14 M14 LT LT M14 CB CB DS0 Switch E1 E4 STM-16 E4 E1 E1 E4 prop. E4 E1 f1 20ppm f2 20ppm f3 20ppm f4 20ppm f5 20ppm f6 20ppm • SDH used in point-point configuration • Direct replacement for async transport • SDH terminals free-run at 20ppm. Not network synchronized. No pointer adjustments so no issues with E1/E4 mapping jitter !

  19. Current SDH Deployments - I. Network Clock (Stratum 1) 0.000001 ppm ??? CB CB STM-1 STM-1 STM-1 STM-1 DS0 Switch E1 E4 E1 E1 E1 STM-4 STM-16 • Questions: • How do I time the SDH network ? • Can I still just free run all my SDH NEs at 20ppm ? • What is the impact of pointer adjustments ? • How do I distribute timing to the CBs and DS0 switches ?

  20. Current SDH Deployments - II. Network Clock (Stratum 1) 0.000001 ppm BITS CB CB STM-1 STM-1 STM-1 STM-1 DS0 Switch E1 E1 E1 STM-4 STM-16 • All STM-N interfaces traceable to PRS to avoid excessive pointers • Excessive pointers cause jitter/wander in embedded E1/E4 payloads • Timing distributed to CB and DS0 switches directly via STM-N lines

  21. TDM TDM TDM TDM TDM Data Communication Channel • DCC is a 192 kb/s in-band channel to facilitate communication between all Network Elements (NE) in a network • Remote login, alarms reporting, software download, provisioning Management Client OSS Alarm and Event Forwarding DCN GNE ADM SDH DCC GNE GNE Management Clients Management Server SDH DCC SDH DCC ADM Network Operations Center ADM ADM

  22. Management Interfaces - I. TMN Model as of M.3010 TMN OS Reference point Q3/X/F X DCN Q3 F Q3 QA NE WS

  23. Management Interfaces - II. • CMIP over OSI • TMN Manager/Agent communication standard Agent Element Manager Layer Mgr. CMIP/OSI Agent Network Element Layer

  24. A Side loomine (connection establishment) Nõudlus B Vastus (kinnitus)

  25. Terminali (raadioühendus) võrku Raadioühendus Teenused Terminaal Võrk 60 GHz ATM speech 40 GHz Phone 17 GHz Internet video 5 GHz Intranet QoS data PDA WLAN best-effort data …….. laptop WLL Satellite

  26. Channels broadcast to all UE in the cell BaseStation (BS) UserEquipment (UE) P-CCPCH- Primary Common Control Physical ChannelSCH - Sync Channel P-CPICH - Primary Common Pilot ChannelS-CPICH - Secondary Common Pilot Channel(s) Paging Channels S-CCPCH - Secondary Common Control Physical Channel PICH - Page Indication Channel Random Access and Packet Access Channels PRACH - Physical Random Access Channel AICH - Acquisition Indication Channel PCPCH - Common Physical Packet Channel AP-AICH - Acquisition Preamble Indication Channel CD/CA-AICH - Collision Detection Indication Channel CSICH - CPCH Status Indication Channel Dedicated Connection Channels DPDCH - Dedicated Physical Data Channel DPCCH - Dedicated Physical Control Channel F-PDSCH - Physical Downlink Shared Channel WCDMA kanalid

  27. Vastastikused häired

  28. Võrkude ja teenuste ühendamine T G T T T T T R R T

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