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Patrick An Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry 3/e Chapter 22 ANTIULCER AGENTS

Explore the features and treatment of H. pylori bacteria, including its growth conditions, attachment mechanisms, and the importance of neutralizing stomach acid. Learn about the triple therapy approach with a proton pump inhibitor and antibiotics.

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Patrick An Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry 3/e Chapter 22 ANTIULCER AGENTS

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  1. Patrick An Introduction to Medicinal Chemistry 3/e Chapter 22 ANTIULCER AGENTS Part 2: Helicobacter pylori

  2. Contents Part 2: Helicobacter pylori 21. Features of H. pylori (3 slides) 22. Treatment of H. pylori [5 slides]

  3. 21. Features of H. pylori • Spiral, curved bacterium • Grows best in oxygen concentrations of 5% • Naturally present in the stomachs of many people • Attaches to a sugar molecule on the surface of the cells lining the stomach wall • The organism secretes proteins and toxins that inflame the stomach lining • Responsible for the recurrence of esters • The organism is protected by the mucus layer • A pH gradient across the mucus layer means that the pH is near neutral at the stomach lining

  4. Stomach contents pH = 2 Mucus layer pH = 4 H . p y l o r i pH = 7 21. Features of H. pylori

  5. 21. Features of H. pylori • Bacterium produces urease enzyme • Neutralises any acid in the local environment

  6. Amoxicillin Metronidazole Omeprazole 22. Treatment of H. pylori • Triple therapy of a proton pump inhibitor and two antibiotics • Antibiotics work better at a higher pH than is normally present in stomach • The proton pump inhibitor is present to raise the pH • Example

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