Grunig and Hunt’s Situational Theory of Publics

1. Grunig and Hunt’sSituational Theory of Publics

2. Situational Theory of Publics • Consequences and Linkages • Nature of Publics

3. Consequence = Need for PR • Organization has on public • Public has on organization

4. Consequences Create Linkages Between Organization and Its Environment Environment Mad Cow Disease in Europe Leads to FDA Regulations in U.S. McDonald’s

5. Linkages • Enabling Linkages • Functional Linkages • Normative Linkages • Diffused Linkages Consequences on organization Consequence on public

6. Stockholders Congress State Legislators Government Regulators Boards of Directors Community Leaders output Employees Unions Suppliers Enabling Linkages Functional Linkages Normative Linkages Associations Political Groups Professional Societies Organization Consumers Industrial Purchasers Users of Services Employers of Graduates Diffused Linkages input Environmentalists Community Residents Students Minorities Voters Women Media Other Publics

7. Consequences Create Linkages Between Organization and Its Environment Environment Mad Cow Disease in Europe Leads to FDA Regulations in U.S. McDonald’s

8. Stockholders Congress State Legislators Government Regulators Local, State, Federal Board of Directors Community Leaders output Employees Unions Suppliers Enabling Linkages Functional Linkages Normative Linkages Fast Food Producers Association McDonald’s Consumers Industrial Purchasers Franchisees Diffused Linkages input Environmentalists Community Residents Students Minorities Voters Activist Groups Media Charitable Groups

9. Publics • Dewey’s definition is used in this theory. • Group of people who • - Face a similar problem. • - Recognize that the problem exists. • - Organize to do something about the problem.