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Chapter 4 Ancient Egypt :The Nile Valley

Chapter 4 Ancient Egypt :The Nile Valley. Lesson 1 The Gift of the Nile. Objective. learn the importance of the Nile River in the development of Egyptian Civilization Learn the basic characteristics of everyday life in Ancient Egyptian times. Located in Egypt (Africa)

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Chapter 4 Ancient Egypt :The Nile Valley

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  1. Chapter 4 Ancient Egypt :The Nile Valley Lesson 1 The Gift of the Nile

  2. Objective • learn the importance of the Nile River in the development of Egyptian Civilization • Learn the basic characteristics of everyday life in Ancient Egyptian times

  3. Located in Egypt (Africa) Longest river in the world Egypt is a hot country Desert…little rainfall The Nile River

  4. The Gift of the Nile • Water source • All civilizations need good source of water • Transportation • Became major route (highway) • Built boats (reeds, wooden planks) and barges • Deposit of fertile soil • Nile flooded annually, bringing fertile soil

  5. Egyptian Innovation • Egyptian Calendar • Created due to the prediction of the annual floods • They explained the calendar through religion • 365 Days in a year with 3 Seasons: • Inundation-flooding of Nile (around June 20…Sirius) • Emergence-Nile recedes, fertile soil deposited • Harvest-the gathering of crops

  6. Ancient Egyptian Religion • Egyptian religion had many dieties, or Gods • Afterlife: life after death • Each city-state had its own special god that it worshiped • Memphis Ptah, the god of arts • Thebes Amon, the sun god • Amon-Re  main god of all

  7. Preparing for the Afterlife • Mummification preserving the dead body for its journey in the afterlife • Mummies would be placed in a sarcophagus or coffin • Egyptians would place items in the coffin or tombs for the dead to use in the afterlife.

  8. This calendar is a copy of a design found on the ceiling of the Temple of Hathor in Egypt.

  9. Ancient Egyptian History • Historians study Egyptian history in 4 major time periods: • The Early Period (3100 BC-2686 BC) • Hieroglyphics and Papyrus created • The Old Kingdom (2686 BC-2181 BC) • Pyramids built • The Middle Kingdom (2400 BC-1786 BC) • Hyksos gain control of Egypt • The New Kingdom (1552 BC-1069 BC) • Religious changes bring chaos to Egypt • King Tut revives Egypt

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