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Chapter 1: Introductions

Chapter 1: Introductions. M. A. Farjoo. Table of Contents. Background Applications Manufacturing Technologies. Background.

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Chapter 1: Introductions

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  1. Chapter 1:Introductions M. A. Farjoo

  2. Table of Contents Background Applications Manufacturing Technologies

  3. Background Composite materials (or composites for short) are engineered materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties and which remain separate and distinct on a macroscopic level within the finished structure. (Wikipedia)

  4. Background Arg-e-Bam, IRAN. Constructed in 20 hectares, More than 1400 years ago. The most primitive composite materials comprised straw and mud in the form of bricks for building construction

  5. Background There are two categories of constituent materials: matrix and reinforcement. The matrix material surrounds and supports the reinforcement materials by maintaining their relative positions. The reinforcements impart their special mechanical and physical properties to enhance the matrix properties.

  6. Backgrund The most famous composite is called fiberglass which is made of glass fibers as the reinforcement and polyester (or epoxy) resin as the matrix.

  7. Applications Most industries have a connection with composite materials. Due to high strength and light weight of composite materials, aerospace industries use composite materials. Carbon fibers and fiberglass are used in Aerospace industries. Leading edge of the wings, vertical and horizontal tails, compressed air tanks, nose cone, fuselage, etc. are made of composite materials.

  8. Applications Composite fuselage

  9. Applications Full composite glider

  10. Applications Composite nose cone

  11. Applications Composite sandwich panel wing

  12. Allications Full composite high speed boat Duse to high durability of composite materials in water and wet climate, most boats and yachts are made by composite materials.

  13. Applications Boat interiors

  14. Applications Composite Bridges

  15. Applications Composite body Automobile industry uses several kind of composite parts. Sport cars employ composites to reduce the weight.

  16. Applications Composite body

  17. Applications Most sport equipment are sued by fiberglass. Ski and ski pole are made by composite materials.

  18. Application Fiberglass finishing Civil Engineers are familiar with composite materials. They use composites to reinforce the structure against seismic loads.

  19. Applications Composite swimming pool

  20. Applications Renovation by fiberglass

  21. Applications Composite Domes

  22. Applications Reinforcement of Building by composite materials

  23. Applications Wind turbines are made composite materials. Some of their blades have 100 m length.

  24. Applications As a general rule, when one needs light structure with high strength, composite materials are the best choice. Some part of the body of high speed trains are made by composites. Further more the interiors are made by composites.

  25. Applications High speed Japan train

  26. Applications Monorail Interior, Malaysia

  27. Applications Monorail body, Malaysia

  28. Applications Also other thousands of applications can be found if one search “composite” or “Fiberglass” in internet!!

  29. Manufacturing Technologies • Every composite parts needs master and mould. • The common manufacturing techniques are: • Hand layup. • Spray Up. • Resin Transfer Molding (RTM). • Resin Infusion. • Filament Winding. • Sheet Metal Compound (SMC). • Bulk Molding Compound (BMC).

  30. Manufacturing Technologies Hand layup.

  31. Manufacturing Technologies Spray Up.

  32. Manufacturing Technologies Resin Transfer Molding (RTM)

  33. Manufacturing Technologies Resin Infusion

  34. Manufacturing Technologies Filament Winding

  35. Manufacturing Technologies Sheet Molding Compound (SMC)

  36. Manufacturing Technologies Bulk Molding Compound (BMC)

  37. Manufacturing Technologies Pultrusion

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