GenSet ASTM Standards & Literature Review

1. GenSet ASTM Standards & Literature Review Nick Johnson 2-5-08 NBEL

2. Outline • ASTM D-893-05a • STM for Insolubles in Used Lubricating Oil • ASTM D 3524 - 04 • STM for Diesel Fuel diluent in Used Diesel Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography • ASTM D 5967-05 • STM for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine • Literature Review • Published Reports of Similar Tests • Specific Gravity of ULSD for Genset Test • Nitrogen Generators

3. ASTM D-893-05a • Pentane and Toluene Insolubes in Lubricating Oils via Centrifuge • Heat Sample to 60 5C and agitate • Strain through 150 um Sieve • Centrifuge Sample 20 mins, 100 mL sample size • Calculate percentage insolubles using following equation: % = 10(B-A) • A = mass of empty dried centrifuge tube • B = mass of dried insolubles and centrifuge tube

4. ASTM D 3524-04 • Determines amount of Diesel Fuel in Engine Lubricant Sample via GC • Uses 1 uL of sample for packed column • Measures against Calibrated Samples • Determines % mass of diesel fuel using following equation Cs = (Rs) x (C2-C1) / (R2-R1)

5. ASTM D 5967-05 • Test Standard known as Mack - T8 for Turbocharged Diesels • Test Lubricating oil every 25 h • Checks for changes in viscosity, consumed oil, and soot levels • Engine levels not run at constant load • Start up and tear down procedure may be helpful when switching from sample to sample

6. Literature Review for Soot Levels in Lubricating Oil • “Effect of diesel soot on lubricant oil viscosity” George, S et. al… WVU ME Dept 2006 • Measured variation of viscosity based on percentage of soot in lubricating oil • Test samples conducted on Wells-Brookfield viscometer at 40C and 90C • Used various oils and soot was actually scraped off inner exhaust manifold and added to oil • Soot levels predetermined and set into 3 various categories

7. Literature Review for Soot Levels in Lubricating Oil • “Simultaneous estimation of soot and diesel contamination in engine oil using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy” Ulrich, C et. al… Linkoping University, Sweden 2006 • Uses Electrical Impedance and Multivariate data analysis to measure levels of soot and diesel in lubricating oil • Predetermined amounts of soot and diesel were added to an oil sample and then measured using the Electrical Impedance spectrometer • Diesel levels were found to be measured at low frequencies while soot levels were measured at higher frequiences • Used a development process for onboard monitoring of engine oil

8. Specific Gravity Measurement of ULSD

9. Nitrogen Generators • Contacted two companies • PerkinElmer has Nitrogen generator specific for OES-ICP • Contacted left message for our product specialist • Maxigas Nitrogen Generators • Contacted and they are putting together an economic analysis comparison to our N2 tanks we are currently using • We need UHP Nitrogen i.e. 99.999% so can’t buy a typical generator ~ increased cost

10. Air Generators • Contacted a few companies - Parker Balston, Clain Industrial • Waiting for reply and quotes • Generators able to produce extremely high purity, but limited to 150 psi • Compressors able to produce high pressures but would need an inline filter to able to produce high purity needed and would have to be gas driven

11. Thank You Questions???