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Hofstede’s Cultural Value Framework Relationship to Theory X and Theory Y

Hofstede’s Cultural Value Framework Relationship to Theory X and Theory Y. Theory Y. Theory X. McGregor’s Motivation Theories. Theory X . Theory Y. Work is like play or rest Capable of self control and direction Capable of seeking and accepting responsibly Imaginative and creative

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Hofstede’s Cultural Value Framework Relationship to Theory X and Theory Y

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  1. Hofstede’s Cultural Value Framework Relationship to Theory X and Theory Y Theory Y Theory X

  2. McGregor’s Motivation Theories Theory X Theory Y Work is like play or rest Capable of self control and direction Capable of seeking and accepting responsibly Imaginative and creative Committed to organization Capacity for ingenuity • Dislike work • Must be coerced and threatened • Require close supervision and direction • Prefer to be directed • Responsibility avoidance • Exhibit low ambition • Interested only in security

  3. Five Dimensions of Hofstede’s Cultural Value Framework • Long Term vs. Short Term Orientation • Individualism vs. Collectivism • Masculinity vs. Femininity • Low Uncertainty Avoidance vs. High Uncertainty Avoidance • Low Power Distance vs. High Power Distance

  4. Cultural Value Comparison China United States

  5. Long Term (LTO) vs. Short Term (STO) Orientation • LTO • Tend to attach more importance to the future • Value tradition • Value thrift • “The future belongs to those who prepare for it today” • STO • Tend to attach more importance to the here and now • Accept change more readily • “You are only limited by your own fears and inaction”

  6. China as a Theory X Nation • Foxconn in China • Assembly line work • Long Hours • Suicides 2010 • Dormitories • Nets

  7. Foxconn Dormitories

  8. FoxConn

  9. LTO values influence on Theory X Attributes Theory X Attributes Long Term Oriented Values People value tradition People value tradition (hierarchy) Attach more importance to the future • People dislike work • Most people prefer to be directed • Only interested in security

  10. America as a Theory Y Nation

  11. America as a Theory Y Nation • Americans have an inherent entrepreneurial spirit. • Wal-Mart • Google • Facebook • Americans are more willing to give up old ideas for new opportunities.

  12. STO values influence on Theory Y Attributes Short Term Oriented Values Theory Y Attributes Think of work as a natural activity, like play or rest Will learn to accept and seek responsibility Capacity for imagination and ingenuity • Attach more importance to the here and now • Accept change more readily

  13. Works Cited • Baculinao, Eric (2004). China grapples with legacy of its ‘missing girls’. Retrieved from http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5953508/ns/world_news/t/china-grapples-legacy-its-missing- girls/#.TtKXPWNE0q5 • Denise Rotondo Fernandez, Dawn S. Carlson, Lee P. Stepina & Joel D. Nicholson (1997): Hofstede's Country Classification 25 Years Later, The Journal of Social Psychology, 137:1, 43-54 • The Economist (2009). The United States of Entrepreneurs. America still leads the world. Retrieved from http://www.economist.com/node/13216037 • The Economist (2006). Women in the workforce. The importance of sex. Forget China, India and the internet: economic growth is driven by women. Retrieved from http://www.economist.com/node/6800723 • Itim International (2009). Geert Hofstede Cultural Dimensions. Retrieved from http://www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_china.shtml • Itim International (2009). Geert Hofstede Cultural Dimensions. Retrieved from http://www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_dimensions.php?culture1=95&culture2=18 • Itim International (2009). Geert Hofstede Cultural Dimensions. Retrieved from http://www.geert-hofstede.com/hofstede_united_states.shtml • Johnson, Joel (2001). 1 Million Workers. 90 Million iPhones. 17 Suicides. Who’s to Blame?. Retrieved from http://www.wired.com/magazine/2011/02/ff_joelinchina/all/1 • Robbins, Stephen P. and Timothy A. Judge. (2010). Essentials of Organizational Behavior, Tenth Edition (page 28- 29). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. • U.S. Census Bureau (n.d.). 2012 Statistical Abstract. Population: Estimates and Projections by Age, Sex, Race/Ethnicity. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/compendia/statab/cats/population/estimates_and_projections_by_age_sex_raceethnicity.html • Wang, Jim (n.d.). Working Americans Have Almost No Retirement Savings. Retrieved from http://www.bargaineering.com/articles/working-americans-have-almost-no-retirement-savings.html

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