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IIT Delhi 2004

Clean Air is Not About Tail Pipes (Only). Dinesh Mohan Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Programme Indian Institute of Technology Delhi. IIT Delhi 2004. The Ethical Issue. Many societies do not apply a death penalty no matter how serious the crime

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IIT Delhi 2004

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  1. Clean Air is Not About Tail Pipes (Only) Dinesh Mohan Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Programme Indian Institute of Technology Delhi IIT Delhi 2004

  2. The Ethical Issue • Many societies do not apply a death penalty no matter how serious the crime • Recently, about a hundred deaths caused by the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) mobilized international efforts to arrest the disease • Millions of demonstrators came out on the streets in many countries to protest against a war in their belief that nothing justifies the deaths of innocent individuals This ethic is absent when we discuss road safety IIT Delhi 2004

  3. Issue of sustainability • Motor vehicles have killed more than 20-30 million people and injured > 500 million worldwide This is not sustainable • Emissions will reduce significantly only if more people walk, bicycle and use public transport Only possible if walking and bicycling made safer • Cities will aesthetic, humane and human scale only if streets include large numbers of people walking and playing safely Only possible if streets free from crime IIT Delhi 2004

  4. TRIP • Compulsory much of the time in low and middle income societies • Route almost mandatory • Mode used function of (not in order of priority) • Journey time • Age • Income • Sex • Health status Traffic injury • Safety Crime IIT Delhi 2004

  5. Proportion of road users killed at different locations in India, percent IIT Delhi 2004

  6. Urban > 18 w/o Cars & Mc 10% (70%) Urban > 18 Total Cars & Mc 4% (30%) Walk, bicycle, public transport IIT Delhi 2004

  7. IIT Delhi 2004

  8. Needs of those who can’t drive or don’t have a vehicle • Safe/convenient walking/bicycling spaces • Freedom from harassment and crime • Protection from the sun • Availability of water, snacks, repair shops on the road • Public transport close to home and destination • Easy availability of affordable taxis IIT Delhi 2004

  9. Safe/convenient walking/bicycling spaces • Speed control by design • Arterial roads < 50 km/h • Residential/shopping areas < 30 km/h • No free left turns • Liberal use of roundabouts • Safe pedestrian crossings • Provision of pedestrian paths on all roads • Provision of segregated bicycle paths on all arterial roads IIT Delhi 2004

  10. Comparison of PM emissions under various scenarios of bus fuels No shift from buses !5% shift from buses to 2-wheelers IIT Delhi 2004

  11. Safer Road Design: Raised Pedestrian Crossing IIT Delhi 2004

  12. Pedestrian crossings raised 10 cm above road level “speed humps were associated with a 53% to 60% reduction in the odds of injury or death among children struck by an automobile in their neighborhood” American Journal of Public Health, April 2004

  13. Pedestrian Refuge IIT Delhi 2004

  14. ROUNDABOUTS REDUCE DEATHS BY50 -80% AND POLLUTION BY ~30%

  15. AN IDEAL TAXI • Low speeds ensure safety of pedestrians/bicyclists • Occupies 1/3 space of cars, same # passengers • With 4 stroke, CNG, LPG, pollutes less than car • Uses 1/3 energy of car • Wears out road much less • Less garbage IIT Delhi 2004

  16. Absence of safety • Less use of non-motorized modes • Less use of public transport • Decrease in health status – about 15% increase in fatality rates from lack of exercise • Harmful effects on children’s social development • Less extra curricular and sports activities • Loss in entertainment and food business • Irritable elderly – earlier death • Marital discord IIT Delhi 2004

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