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Basic networking

NETWORKING. Basic networking. WHAT IS A NETWORK?. Consist of two or more computer that are linked in order to share resources, exchange files or allow electronic communications. LINKED THRU:. Cables Telephone lines Radio waves Satellites Infrared light beams. BASIC TYPES OF NETWORKS:.

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Basic networking

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  1. NETWORKING Basic networking

  2. WHAT IS A NETWORK? • Consist of two or more computer that are linked in order to share resources, exchange files or allow electronic communications.

  3. LINKED THRU: • Cables • Telephone lines • Radio waves • Satellites • Infrared light beams

  4. BASIC TYPES OF NETWORKS: • LAN • MAN • WAN

  5. LAN – Local Area Network Confined to a relatively small area or limited to a geographic area

  6. MAN – Metropolitan Area Network • Covers larger geographic area such as cities or schools

  7. WAN –Wide Area Network • Connect larger geographic areas such as world Dedicated Transoceanic Cabling or satellite -used to connect the network

  8. OSI MODEL

  9. OSI Model • APPLICATION SET • LAYER 7 PRESENTATION -layer that actually interacts with the operating system or application whenever the user chooses to transfer files, read messages, or perform other network-related activities

  10. OSI Model • APPLICATION SET • LAYER 6 PRESENTATION -takes the data provided by the application layer and converts it into standard format that the other layers can understand

  11. OSI Model • APPLICATION SET • LAYER 5 SESSION -establishes, maintains and ends communication with the receiving device

  12. Recap: of OSI Model • APPLICATION SET • LAYER 4 TRANSPORT -maintains flow control of data and provides for error checking and recovery of data between the devices

  13. Recap: of OSI Model • APPLICATION SET • LAYER 3 NETWORK -the way that the data will be sent to recipient device is determined . Logical protocols, routing and addressing are handled here.

  14. OSI Model • APPLICATION SET • LAYER 2 DATA -the appropriate physical protocol is assigned to the data

  15. OSI Model • APPLICATION SET • LAYER 1 PHYSICAL -the actual hardware. The physical characteristic of the network such as connections , voltage level and timing

  16. NETWORK TOPOLOGY

  17. WHAT IS A TOPOLOGY • Two types of topology: • Physical • Refers to the layout of cables, computer and other peripherals • Logical • Method used to pass the information between the computers

  18. TYPES OF PHYSICAL TOPOLOGIES • Bus • Hub/Star • Ring

  19. Bus Topology • Consists of main run of cable with a terminator at each end. • All nodes are connected to the linear cable.

  20. STAR Topology • Designed with each node connected directly to a central network hub or concentrator.

  21. RING Topology • Computers are connected on a single circle of cable • No terminated ends

  22. UNSHIELDED TWISTED PAIR

  23. PRIMARY LAN MEDIA • CONDUCTED • Unshielded Twisted Pair • Shielded Twisted Pair • Coaxial Cable • Fiber Optic • WIRELESS • Microwave Radio • Broadcast Radio • Spread Spectrum Radio • Infrared Light

  24. UTP CABLE • Is the most certainly by far the most popular network cable around the world.

  25. UTP CATEGORIES • Category 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 -a specification for the type of copper wire and jacks. -refers to the revision of the specification and in practical terms refers to the number of twists inside the wire

  26. Category 1 -typically a telephone wire -not capable of supporting computer network traffic and is not twisted.

  27. Category 2-7 -network wire specifications -can support computer network and telephone traffic

  28. WIRING THE UTP CABLES

  29. 2 POPULAR WIRING SCHEMES • T-568A • Supposed to be the standard for new installation • T-568B • An acceptable alternative

  30. MODULAR PLUG • Rj-45 -standard connector used in utp cables except category 1 -8 conductor cables with 8 pins Rj-11 -modular plug used in category 1 -used in telephone wire

  31. T-568A

  32. T-568B

  33. 2 TYPES OF CABLE FOR 10/100BASE-T • STRAIGHT THRU CABLE • Used in peer-to-peer networking • Used in connecting from PC to Hub • Used in connecting two hubs with an uplink port • CROSS-OVER CABLE • Used in connecting PC to PC networking • Used to connect two hubs in the absence of uplink port

  34. STRAIGHT THRU CABLE • Both end of the cable uses the same wiring schemes either: • T568 A <<<<->>>> T568A • T568B <<<<->>>> T568B

  35. CROSS-OVER CABLE • end of the cable has dissimilar wiring schemes • T568 B <<<<->>>> T568A or vice-versa

  36. ETHERNET CABLE SUMMARY

  37. TOOLS AND MATERIALS: • UTP Cable Cat5 • Crimper • Cable Tester • Wire stripper • Modular Plug –RJ45

  38. CRIMPER • is a tool designed to crimp or connect a connector to the end of a cable. For example, network cables and phone cables are created using a crimping tool to connect the RJ-45and RJ-11 connectors to the end of the cable

  39. NETWORK CABLE TESTER • is an electronic device used to verify the electrical connections in a cable or other wired assembly

  40. Wire Stripper • simple manual wire stripper is a pair of opposing blades much like scissors or wire cutters

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