Today’s Agenda

1. Today’s Agenda • Catalyst • Library Skills • IV, DV, Constants, and Controls • Exit Question HW: Answer Chapter Review Questions (pg 18-19) #s 3, 4, 10, 11, 12

2. Today’s Objectives • SWBAT learn crucial library skills with Ms. Aymami’s little freshman Honors kids. • SWBAT distinguish between independent and dependent variables. • SWBAT to understand the role of a control group in an experiment.

3.  POP QUIZ!!!! Please take out a piece of paper. Write your name on it. Title it “Pop Quiz #1.”

4. Pop Quiz – Just write the answers. • In at least one complete sentence, describe one difference between qualitative observation and quantitative observation. • In at least one complete sentence, describe one of the following: law or theory.

5. Experimentation • Key Point #1: A proper experiment always has an independent variable and dependent variable. • The purpose of an experiment is to test how changing ONE THING affects something else.

6. Variables • Independent Variable: what causes the change we are measuring (acts independently) • Dependent variable: what gets changed (depends on other things) • Remember!!!! • Variables are always CATEGORIES of things: time, amount, frequency, size, type • Variables are NEVER specific things!!!

7. Demo • http://www.unitedstreaming.com/videos/dsc/externalApplications/virtual_labs-es/Plants/index.html

8. Teacher Models • Scientists have discovered something shocking: if you eat a lot of hamburgers, then you will gain fat. What is the independent variable? • Eat a lot of hamburgers • Type of hamburger you eat (McDonald’s, Wendy’s, Burger King, etc.) • Amount of hamburgers you eat • How much weight you gain

9. Teacher Models • Well-rested students learn more in school. So, Ms. Stroh believes that starting school later would increase test scores. What is the dependent variable? • Starting school later • Well-rested students • Time that school starts • Test scores

10. Whiteboards 1 • Ms. Stroh believes that the more you study, the better grades you’ll earn. What is the independent variable? • Studying more • Amount of time you study • Grade earned • Type of test

11. Whiteboards 2 • Shanel is always cold in class. She hypothesizes that if she wears many layers of clothing to school, then she will be warmer. What is the dependent variable? • Number of layers Shanel wears • How warm Shanel is • Temperature of the room • Shanel will be warmer

12. Whiteboards 3 • Ms. Stroh’s students want to test how easily bought off she is. Students who give her an apple get a “C.” Students who give her candy get an “A.” What is the independent variable? • Type of food given to Ms. Stroh • Apples and candy • “A” on the report card • Report card

13. Whiteboards 4 • Tashica hates cooking, but loves listening to music. She believes that if she listens to music while cooking, then she will cook more often. What is the dependent variable? • She will cook more often • Listens to music while cooking • Frequency that Tashica cooks • What Tashica listens to

14. If you’re having trouble… • 4 minutes • 26 mg of baking soda • Lifting weights every day • Medium t-shirts • Bullfrog • 16 candles • Never gets sick • Time to get dressed • Amount of baking soda • Frequency of lifting weights • Size of t-shirts • Type of frog • Number of candles • Degree of health WRONG RIGHT

15. Review • Ms. Stroh believes that the more you study, the better grades you’ll earn. What is the independent variable? • Studying more • Amount of time you study • Grade earned • Type of test

16. Review • Shanel is always cold in class. She hypothesizes that if she wears many layers of clothing to school, then she will be warmer. What is the dependent variable? • Number of layers Shanel wears • How warm Shanel is • Temperature of the room • Shanel will be warmer

17. Review • Ms. Stroh’s students want to test how easily bought off she is. Students who give her an apple get a “C.” Students who give her candy get an “A.” What is the independent variable? • Type of food given to Ms. Stroh • Apples and candy • “A” on the report card • Report card

18. Review • Tashica hates cooking, but loves listening to music. She believes that if she listens to music while cooking, then she will cook more often. What is the dependent variable? • She will cook more often • Listens to music while cooking • Frequency that Tashica cooks • What Tashica listens to

19. Constants • Key Point #2: Everything but the independent and dependent variable must be kept constant. • Constant: variable we keep the same • If many different things change at once, we don’t know what causes the change!

20. Example • Let’s say we want to design an experiment to determine what causes the Hornets to win games.

21. Number of games that Hornets win

22. Try this one! Answer in notes… • Travie McCoy hypothesizes that if he write more songs about being rich, then he will sell more CDs because his listeners also want to be rich. • What is the IV? • What is the DV? • What are the constants? • Remember, variables are CATEGORIES.

23. If Travie write more songs about being rich, then he will sell more CDs because his listeners also want to be rich. • IV • Number of songs about being rich • How often Travie sings about being rich • Amount of times Travie sings about money • DV • Number of CDs Travie sells • How many CDs Travie sells • Constant • Amount of money CDs cost • Number of tracks on each CD • How good each CD is

24. Practice You want to know when in the year there are the most love bugs. Every night, you record how many love bugs you find outside. Time of year (season/month) IV = DV = Constant = Amount of fireflies

25. Practice • Maria needs to run a 6 minute mile to pass PE. She believes that if she runs every day, then she will be able to run faster. IV = DV = Constant = Frequency that Maria runs Mile time

26. Practice • Students of different genders were given the same puzzle to assemble. The puzzle assembly time was measured. IV = DV = Constant = Type of gender Time to assemble puzzle

27. If there are more students, then there will be more school bus drivers. IV = DV = Constant = Amount of students Number of school bus drivers

28. If the amount of sugar used on beignets decreases, then less beignets will be sold. What depends on what? IV = DV = Constant = Amount of sugar used Number of beignets sold

29. If the Saints win more games, then they will attract more big name players. IV = Number of games won DV = Number of players attracted Constant =

30. Conclusion • A proper experiment always has an independent variable and dependent variable. Everything but the independent and dependent variable must be kept constant. • Independent Variable: what causes the change we are measuring • Dependent variable: what gets changed • Constant: variable we keep the same

31. Exit Question • Let’s say you want to figure out if drinking milk actually makes you taller. So you drink a glass of milk every day, and record your height every day. • What is the independent variable? • What is the dependent variable? • What are at least twoconstants? HW: Answer Chapter Review Questions (pg 18-19) #s 3, 4, 10, 11, 12