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Ecology of Open Algae Ponds. Rob McBride October 2014. Sapphire Produces Valuable Products From Algae, Sunlight, & CO 2. Focused on the production of low cost biomass Open ponds are continuously operated year round Key challenge to continuous open operation is stability
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Ecology of Open Algae Ponds Rob McBride October2014
Sapphire Produces Valuable Products From Algae, Sunlight, & CO2
Focused on the production of low cost biomass • Open ponds are continuously operated year round • Key challenge to continuous open operation is stability • Pests primarily impact stability Sapphire’s Primary Production Platform – Open Ponds
Mechanical strategies • Netting, filters • Cultural strategies • pH, Ammonia, Magnesium etc. • Chemical strategies • Chlorine, glyphosate, headline, etc. • Biotic strategies • Trophic interactions Open Pond Stability
An Example of a Sapphire Pest Management Strategy 1. Letcher, P. M., S. Lopez, et al. (2013). "Characterization of Amoeboaphelidiumprotococcarum, an Algal Parasite New to the Cryptomycota Isolated from an Outdoor Algal Pond Used for the Production of Biofuel." PloS one 8(2): e56232. 2. McBride, R. C., S. Lopez, et al. (2014). "Contamination Management in Low Cost Open Algae Ponds for Biofuels Production." Industrial Biotechnology 10(3): 221-227.
Why Are We interested in Open Pond Ecology? 1. Shurin, J., R. Abbott, et al. (2013). "Industrial‐strength ecology: trade‐offs and opportunities in algal biofuel production." Ecology letters 16(11): 1393-1404.
In Open Algae Ponds, What is the Richness/Stability Relationship?
Bacteria Eukaryotes Summary of the Generated Data
Bacteria Eukaryotes Summary of the Generated Data
Is Open Algal Pond Species Richness Related to Productivity/Stability?
Bacteria Eukaryotes How Do Pond Management Practices Impact Species Richness?
There was a positive relationship between increasing species diversity and the productivity of the open algae pond. • Increasing species diversity did not increase the variance of the open algae pond with this analysis. • Process and management strategies can impact ecology, and these impacts can be lasting. • While we are still far from engineering open pond algae ecosystems, these type of data suggest that open pond algae systems display some of the patterns observed in terrestrial ecosystems. • We and others are working to construct stable consortia in the lab that have productivity and stability benefits, and hope to translate those to the field to realizethe potential of the open pond platform for the continued production of low cost biomass. Open Algae Pond Ecology – What are the Punchlines?
UCSD • Steve Mayfield • John Shurin • Vineet Bafna • Doruk Beyter • Life Technologies • Farzad Haerizadeh • Pei-Zhong Tang • Scott Becker • Todd Peterson • SDSU • Yan Wei Lim • Sapphire Energy • Las Cruces – Crop protection Team (Kalli Lambeth), Harvest Team, Cultivation Team • San Diego – Tony Hoang, Damla Bilgin, Craig Behnke Acknowledgements