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Temperature

Temperature. (“Degree of hotness”). is the distribution of energy through the molecules. related to the motion (speed) of molecules. Heat ≠ Temperature. (“Quantity of hotness”). Heat. - is a form of energy. [ units: Joules (J ) ].

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Temperature

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  1. Temperature (“Degree of hotness”) • is the distribution of energy through • the molecules. • related to the motion (speed) of molecules. Heat ≠ Temperature (“Quantity of hotness”) Heat - is a form of energy. [units: Joules (J)] • related to both the motionandmass of • molecules.

  2. q = m x ∆T x c Heat = mass x ∆T x Cp J J/g oC oC g Specific heat (Cp)= amount of heat energy required to raise 1 g of a substance 1 oC. Specific heat for water = 4.18 J/g oC Food Calories vs. Thermal calories 1 cal = 4.18 J 1 Cal = 1000 calories = 1 kcal

  3. Practice Calculate the quantity of energy needed to heat 8.0 g of water from 42.0 oC to 45.0 oC. Heat = mass x T x spec. heat (45.0 - 42.0) ? J = 8.0 g x 3.0C x 4.18 J/gC = 1.0 x 102 J (100.32)

  4. Practice A 110.0-g sample of iron at 55.5 oC raises the temperature of 150.0 mL of water from 23.0 oC to 25.5 oC. Determine the specific heat of the iron in J/g oC. Heat = mass x T x spec. heat Heat gain (H2O) = heat loss (metal) Heat = 150.0 g x 2.5C x 4.18 J/gC (gained by H2O) ( 25.5- 23.0) = 1567.5 J (2 sigs) 1600 J

  5. Heat gained by H2O = 1567.5 J (2 sigs) 1600 J = heat lost by metal Heat = mass x T x spec. heat Heat lost by metal: 1600 J = 110.0 g x 30.0C x spec.heat (55.5 – 25.5) Spec.heat (Cp) = 0.48 J/goC

  6. Read Sect 15.1 pgs 516-522 Do Problems: 1 & 2, pg 519 4, 5, 6 pg 521 Read Sect 15.2 pgs 523-528 Do Problems: 12 - 15, pg525

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