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Chapter 31 Europe & North America in the Postwar Years

Chapter 31 Europe & North America in the Postwar Years. 31.1 Aftermath of the War in Europe 31.2 Aftermath in U.S. VDO. Review ?s. Who is considered the father of Communism? Name 3 countries that have had communist revolutions What are the phases that lead up to Communism?. Objectives.

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Chapter 31 Europe & North America in the Postwar Years

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  1. Chapter 31 Europe & North America in the Postwar Years 31.1 Aftermath of the War in Europe 31.2 Aftermath in U.S. VDO

  2. Review ?s • Who is considered the father of Communism? • Name 3 countries that have had communist revolutions • What are the phases that lead up to Communism?

  3. Objectives 1) The origins of the postwar 2) Why Germany was divided in 4 3) How the UN was organized 4) Aftermath in US: Cold War, Truman, Domino Theory, USSR, & NATO

  4. What are potential issues about the way Germany was occupied?

  5. 1) Postwar Problems • What would these territories under Stalin be like? • United Nations: world peace keeping organization (VDO)

  6. What type of person do you think should be the sec-gen of the UN? • The secretary-general is the leader of the UN, elected every 5 years. “The person should be young & have political experience, but not necessarily great fame. The person should at all times have common sense, courage, integrity, & tact.” The person is usually politically neutral, not very outspoken.

  7. 2) Occupation of Germany • Disagreement btwn. Western Democracies & USSR: • A. Boundaries • B. Reparations • Nuremberg Trials: world court trial for 22 Nazi leaders • 12 – death • 7 – life in prison • 3 – acquitted • Symbolic to hold in Nuremberg, why? The court also declared the Nazi Party a criminal organization.

  8. Where in the U.S. is the UN located? Why is it in the U.S.? Why were many people skeptical about it? 3) The United Nations • Eleanor Roosevelt: persuaded people to support the UN • Organization: • General Assembly – nations of any size • Security Council – 10 temporary & 5 permanent members w/veto power

  9. General Assembly

  10. Security Council Chamber

  11. Ban Ki-moon, South Korea (current Secretary-General) *(The U.S. has never had a secretary-general) *Most visible public figure *Today 193 members, 6 official languages *Where is their headquarters?

  12. According to this article, what are some people’s thoughts about the UN? The War in Iraq & the UN In a February 2003 speech, soon before the US invasion of Iraq (which the US had been unable to get UN approval), President Bush said, "free nations will not allow the United Nations to fade into history as an ineffective, irrelevant debating society.” In 2005, Bush appointed a U.S. Ambassador to the UN; John Bolton made several statements critical of the UN, including saying, in 1994, "There is no such thing as the United Nations. There is only the international community, which can only be led by the only remaining superpower, which is the United States. • The Good Shepard

  13. Cold War • War of ideas between Com. & non-Com. • Buffer Zone: Communist nations west of USSR • Protects Stalin • No elections!

  14. Which country on this map is unique?

  15. The U.S. • Truman Doctrine: Com. is a threat to Democracy; must stop its spread • Only in non-Com unless ask • 1947 aid Greece & Turkey • Marshall Plan: (US Sec. Of State) massive economic help to Europe (VDO)

  16. “At the present moment in world history nearly every nation must choose between alternative ways of life…One way is based upon the will of the majority, & is distinguished by free institutions, representative government, free elections, guarantees of individual liberty, etc…

  17. The second way is based upon the will of a minority forcibly imposed upon the majority. It relies upon terror & oppression, a controlled press & radio, fixed elections, & the suppression of personal freedoms.” • Harry Truman, March 12, 1947

  18. How does this cartoon portray the Marshall plan?

  19. How does this cartoon portray the Marshall plan? Is it for or against it?

  20. Domino Theory What does this mean? If 1 country falls to Communism, than surrounding countries will also fall. How does this compare to today?

  21. How does this cartoon portray a domino effect that may be occurring today?

  22. Why would the Soviets oppose German unification? The USSR Berlin Airlift: (June 1948) US provides supplies to E. Germany Germany now divided in 2 (VIDEOS) (Netflix: A World Divided)

  23. Don’t have to write… • Would the Cold War grow hot? • Summer 1949 – USSR detonates 1st A-bomb • October 1949 – Chinese Communist Party controls nation, invades Tawaiin • 1950 – North Korea Communist forces invade South Korea

  24. DUCK & COVER -What were the lessons behind “duck & cover?” -How do you think this made kids feel?

  25. NATO • North Atlantic Treaty Organization; 12 Western nations • If 1 attacked, others will help • Warsaw Pact: USSR’s own version, more people!

  26. NATO Today: Blue = Current Member Green = Dialogue Countries Brown = Partnership for Peace

  27. NurembergHOMEWORK: 31.1/31.2…

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