Europe before Transatlantic Travel Greek and Roman Government Greek Philosophers and Government

1. Europe before Transatlantic Travel • Greek and Roman Government • Greek Philosophers and Government • Ancient Greeks valued _____________ and believed in the power of the human mind to ____________, _____________ and understand ____________. • Three great thinkers: • Socrates • A great ________________ • Thought people should ____________ their own beliefs. • Plato • A ____________ and a _____________ • Thought society should be based on ____________ and _______________ for everyone. • Aristotle • A ______________ and expert in many areas • Thought people should live their lives based on ____________.

2. The Middle Ages

3. c. Other subjects gained fame: • Geometry: accurately calculating the size of ____________ • Medicine: studying the human ____________ • ______________: devices to water fields • Politics: • Dividing a large area into independent ________________. • Establishing _______________ • 2. Roman Law and Government • a. Democratic Government • Elected _________________ • Written _______________ • Influenced other _________________ around the world.

4. Feudalism • Feudalism • Kings gave out _____________ to noblemen in return for _____________ • _____________ would subdivide that land and give it to ___________ in return for ________________ • _______________ would give very tiny plots of land to _____________ who had almost no rights or privileges • 480s. Franks conquered Gaul (present day _____________) and created a huge ________________ • 800s, ________________ began to attack these European settlements, kings had trouble defending empire. • _______________ had to protect themselves and their ____________. • Nobles gained ____________ and kings lost _____________ • Feudalism promoted ____________________________________ but the ______________________ helped to unify them.

5. 2312

7. Crusades

8. The Crusades • Late 1000s • Muslim Turks were controlling access to ____________ (holy land for Christians) • Christians could no longer safely take _________________ to their holy land • The ___________ was preaching about recapturing the holy land • Christians began a series of wars with the Muslims that lasted almost _____________ years. • Failure for the _________. • Effects of the crusades: • Need for creation and movement of supplies and men led to a dramatic increase in _____________________. • Began breaking down _____________________ because people would sell land to help with war efforts.

9. Travel, Trade and Towns • About AD 1000 • _________ grew in size • _________ technology improved • Travel became safer • Kingdoms became _____________ (organized political units with a central government) • Mongols made Silk Road (from _________ to _____________) • Trade routes spread (especially from __________to Africa and Asia) • People began bringing in ___________ from various countries. • Black Death • Spread via _____ travelling for trade • _________ spread through Europe • Killed more than _______of population • Results: very few people meant few workers • People moved to cities, which began to _____. • Trade began to ________ again.

10. Black Death, 1347-1351 • The Plague • The Bubonic Plague • Black Plague • Great Pestilence • Great Mortality • Great Plague http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9IjhQDnoCcY

11. Travel, Trade and Towns • About AD 1000 • _________ grew in size • _________ technology improved • Travel became safer • Kingdoms became _____________ (organized political units with a central government) • Mongols made Silk Road (from _________ to _____________) • Trade routes spread (especially from __________to Africa and Asia) • People began bringing in ___________ from various countries. • Black Death • Spread via _____ travelling for trade • _________ spread through Europe • Killed more than _______of population • Results: very few people meant few workers • People moved to cities, which began to _____. • Trade began to ________ again.

12. David Artist: Gianlorenzo BerniniTitle: DavidDate Created: 1623Where you can see it: Galleria Borghese, Rome, Italy

13. Mona Lisa The Last Supper Artist: Leonardo Da VinciTitle: Mona LisaYear created: c1506Where you can see it: Louvre Museum, Paris, France Artist: Leonardo da Vinci Title: The Last Supper Where you can find it: Santa Maria della Grazie, Milan, Italy Date Created: late 15th century

14. David Date Created: 1504Where you can see it: Accademia Gallery in Florence, Italy Artist: Michelangelo Creation of Adam, Date Created: circa 1511 Where you can see it: Sistine Chapel ceiling, Vatican City, Italy

15. Sandro Botticelli, Madonna of the Magnifocatc.1485Tempera on Panel, diameter 118 cmGalleria degli Uffizi, Florence 

16. Renaissance • Search for Knowledge • Time when people developed a love of _________ and __________ • Search for _____________ in ______, __________, _________, __________. • Italian artists • ______________________ • ______________________ • Dante: _____________ • Scientific and mathematical advances • Inventions: • Printing Press • ___________________ • Economic Changes affect ___________ • Rise in ____________, which is a system that unifies and increases the power and wealth of a nation • Banks are formed • ______________ are formed