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The Grid the united computing power

The Grid the united computing power. Jian He Amit Karnik. Outline. History and vision Motivation Application scenarios Architecture Challenges Approaches Language-related Object-based Toolkit: Globus Future directions References. History and Vision. History

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The Grid the united computing power

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  1. The Gridthe united computing power Jian He Amit Karnik

  2. Outline • History and vision • Motivation • Application scenarios • Architecture • Challenges • Approaches • Language-related • Object-based • Toolkit: Globus • Future directions • References

  3. History and Vision • History • Late 1980s, “metacomputing” was coined. • Early 1990s, “Gigabit Testbeds”, from bandwidth-oriented to application-oriented. • 1995, “network computing” at SC95 • 1998, NCSA, NSF, NASA, DOE, Al Gore … • Vision (analogy to “Electric Power Grid”) • Dependable: performance guarantees. • Consistent: uniform interfaces. • Pervasive: “plug-in” from everywhere. From http://dast.nlanr.net/Articles/GridandGlobus/Grids.html

  4. Motivation • Resource sharing • Episodic • Low utilization • Coordinated PSEs • Emerging tools and • techniques From http://courses.cs.vt.edu/~cs5204

  5. Application Scenarios • Distributed supercomputing • High-throughput computing • On-demand computing • Data-intensive computing • Collaborative computing Grid: high-performance sharing computational power Web: sharing documents

  6. Application Scenarios (cont.) • High-throughput computing • “A computing environment that delivers large amounts of computational power over a long period of time.” (example: NEOS & Condor) UNIX COW Submit jobs • Condor GW • matchmaker • scheduler • monitor • protector NEOS Solver library NEOS Server Internet Client Return results

  7. Architecture From http://www.cs.utk.edu/~dongarra/WEB-PAGES/SPRING-2001/lect-grid.pdf

  8. Challenges • The nature of applications • Programming models and tools • System architecture • Problem-solving methods • Resource management • Security • End systems • Instrumentation and performance analysis • Network protocols and infrastructure

  9. Approaches • Languages, compilers and libraries • MPICH-G2 (a grid-enabled MPI - message passing interface) • Object-based approaches • Legion • Commodity Computing (Three-tier, CORBA, Java/Jini) • Toolkit • Application-specified toolkit (NetSolve) • Service-oriented toolkit (Globus)

  10. Approaches (cont.) • Language-related: MPICH-G2=Globus services + MPI (message passing interface) • Distributed memory message passing • Portability • Heterogeneity Application FORTRAN or C M M M MPI P P P IBM SP2 Cray T3D/E SUN. Communication Network

  11. Approaches (cont.) • Object-based: Legion- Architecture & object model • Everything is an object • Classes manages their instances • Users can provide their own classes • Core objects implement common services From http://legion.virginia.edu/

  12. Approaches (cont.) • Object-based: Commodity computing • Example: CORBA fits within the Grid Architecture From http://phase.hpcc.jp/mirrors/globus/cog/documentation/papers/corba-cog.pdf

  13. C Fortran Approaches (cont.) • Application-specified toolkit: NetSolve PSEs and Applications Matlab Custom Resource Discovery NetSolve Fault Tolerance Middleware System Management Resource Scheduling Globus proxy NetSolve proxy Ninf proxy Legion proxy Metacomputing resources Globus NetSolve Ninf Legion From http://www.cs.utk.edu/netsolve

  14. References • Book • I. Foster and C. Kesselman, “The Grid: Blueprint for a New Comuputing Infrastructure”, Morgan Kaufmann, 1999. • Papers • Michael C. Ferris, Michael P. Mesnier, Jorge J. More, “NEOS and Condor: Solving optimization problems over the Internet”, April, 1998 • David Henty, “The Grid - A Critical Review of Current Status and Future Directions in Grid Technology” , Oct., 2000 http://www.epcc.ed.ac.uk/DIRECT/grid.pdf.

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