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風力機性能與噪音量測簡介

風力機性能與噪音量測簡介. 報告人 : 區域研發服務處 中區技術開發與檢測組 何 鎮 平. Contents. - Power performance measurements( IEC 61000-12-1) - Noise level measurements (IEC 61000-4-11). Wind energy. Kinetic Energy = 0.5 x Mass x Velocity 2 Mass/sec (kg/s) = Velocity (m/s) x Area (m 2 ) x Density (kg/m 3 )

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風力機性能與噪音量測簡介

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  1. 風力機性能與噪音量測簡介 報告人:區域研發服務處 中區技術開發與檢測組 何 鎮 平 CPHO/MIRDC1

  2. Contents • - Power performance measurements( IEC 61000-12-1) • - Noise level measurements (IEC 61000-4-11) CPHO/MIRDC2

  3. Wind energy • Kinetic Energy = 0.5 x Mass x Velocity2 Mass/sec (kg/s) = Velocity (m/s) x Area (m2) x Density (kg/m3) Power = 0.5 x Swept Area x Air Density x Velocity3 CPHO/MIRDC3

  4. CPHO/MIRDC4

  5. wind turbine class Small wind turbine : rotor sweep area < 200 ㎡ Class of wind turbine: CPHO/MIRDC5

  6. Test standard of wind turbine •IEC/TS 61400-23 (2001-04)第1版 風力發電機組葉片全尺寸試驗 •IEC/TR 61400-24 (2002-07)第1版 雷電防護 • •IEC 61400-1 (2007-03)第3版 • 設計要求 • •IEC 61400-2 (2006-03)第2版 • 小風機設計要求 • •IEC 61400-11 (2006-11) 2.1版 • 噪音測試技術 • •IEC 61400-12-1 (2005-12)第2版 • 風力發電機功率特性測試 IEC/TS 61400-13 (2001-06)第1版 機械載荷測試 •IEC/TS 61400-14 (2005-03)第1版 表面聲功率級和音調值聲明 •IEC 61400-21 (2001-12)第1版 並網風力發電機組電能品質特性測試與評價 CPHO/MIRDC6

  7. Power performance measurements CPHO/MIRDC7

  8. Wine turbine test site Flat terrain Complex terrain CPHO/MIRDC8

  9. Test site requirements: topographical variations CPHO/MIRDC9

  10. Illustration of area to be assessed-1 CPHO/MIRDC10

  11. Illustration of area to be assessed - 2 the sectors to exclude when: a) the meteorological mast is in the wake of the wind turbine under test; b) the meteorological mast is in the wake of the neighbouring and operating wind turbine; c) the wind turbine is in the wake of the neighbouring and operating wind turbine; d) the meteorological mast is in the wake of the significant obstacle; e) the wind turbine is in the wake of the significant obstacle; f) all of the above effects a) to e) are combined. CPHO/MIRDC11

  12. Find the right place for the met mast • • None relevant obstacle • • None neighbouring other • turbines • • Flat area according to • the surrounding • • Possibility of placement • of mast (e.g Permission of • the land owner, building • permission etc.) • • Primary wind direction • •Limit of the sector due to • the reference turbine CPHO/MIRDC12

  13. CPHO/MIRDC13

  14. Installation of Anemometer on the mast-1 CPHO/MIRDC14

  15. Installation of Anemometer on the mast- 2 CPHO/MIRDC15

  16. Selection of anemometer (A, B and S) • Class S specify the limit refer to the site S • Class A <1.7% • Class B and S < 2.5% CPHO/MIRDC16

  17. Sensors in the turbine • Power transducer: • • 0.5 % accuracy • • current- and voltage transducer 0.5 % accuracy (better 0.2%) • • Air pressure, air temperature • • Wind vane (better than 5°) • Other possibly additional signals • • Pitch angle • • Rotor, shaft, generator speed e. c. • • Yaw sensor • • Status signal of the generator steps • data acquisition system having a sampling rate per channel of at least 1 Hz • Air temperature, air pressure, wind turbine status and precipitation, if measured, may be sampled at a slower rate, but at least once per minute. CPHO/MIRDC17

  18. Power performance measurement systems layout CPHO/MIRDC18

  19. Database- General requirements  Selected data sets shall at least cover a wind speed range • extending from 1 m/s below cut-in to 1,5 times the wind speed at 85 % of the rated power of the wind turbine. • The wind speed range shall be divided into 0,5 m/s contiguous bins centred on multiples of 0,5 m/s.  Database shall be considered complete when it has met the following criteria: • – each bin includes a minimum of 30 min of sampled data(pre-processed data shall be of 10min duration); • – the database includes a minimum of 180 h of sampled data. CPHO/MIRDC19

  20. Database- Small wind turbines  Selected data sets shall at least cover a wind speed range • extending from 1 m/s below cut-in to 14m/s. • The wind speed range shall be divided into 0,5 m/s contiguous bins centred on multiples of 0,5 m/s.  Database shall be considered complete when it has met the following criteria: • – each bin includes a minimum of 10 min of sampled data (pre-processed data shall be of 1-min duration); • – the database includes a minimum of 60 h of sampled data. CPHO/MIRDC20

  21. Power performance test report-1 Power output plot Scatter plot CPHO/MIRDC21

  22. Power performance test report - 2 Estimated annual power production Power coefficient (Cp) CPHO/MIRDC22

  23. CPHO/MIRDC23

  24. Noise level measurement of wind turbine CPHO/MIRDC24

  25. 聲波可依其波長不同而形成聲譜，共可分成三大部份:聲波可依其波長不同而形成聲譜，共可分成三大部份: • • 一、可聽見音(audible sound)，是指人耳可聽見 • 的聲音頻率範圍，約在20至20kHz之間; • • 二、超低頻波(infrasound)，是在20Hz以下之聲 • 波，如地震波； • • 三、超音波(ultrasound)，是指在20kHz以上之 • 聲波。 • • 人可聽到的聲音20~20,000Hz，感覺度較好的範圍 • 20~8000Hz CPHO/MIRDC25

  26. 聲音壓力位準（ Sound Pressure Level ）以Lp或 SPL表示： Lp＝20lg（p/p0） Lp為聲壓位準，單位dB；p為有效聲壓，Pa 基準聲壓p0＝2×10－5 Pa。 CPHO/MIRDC26

  27. 量測標準: IEC 61400-11:2002+A1:2006 • 噪音分析儀要求 • A-weightedsound pressure level • The equipment shall fulfil the relevant requirements for IEC 60651 type 1 instrumentation inthe 20 Hz to 11 200 Hz frequency range. • 厚度12mm 直徑 1m以上的木板 或是厚度 2.5mm以上金屬板 • 1/3 octave band spectra • 45 Hz to 11 200 Hz • IEC 61260 for Class 1 filters. CPHO/MIRDC27

  28. - Acoustic Measurements - What is to be Measured • • Apparent sound power level (for propagation calculations and turbine characterization) • • 3rd octave band levels (for propagation calculations) • • Tonality (necessary how bothering the noise consistence is) • • All values at the integer wind speeds 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 m/s relating to 10 m height • • All further conspicuous noise characteristics CPHO/MIRDC28

  29. Measurement Distance Distances for noise and meteorological measurements CPHO/MIRDC29

  30. Measurement Positions CPHO/MIRDC30

  31. Sound pressure report CPHO/MIRDC31

  32. Spectrum of 1/3 octave CPHO/MIRDC32

  33. 金屬工業研究發展中心 台南縣七股鄉風力機測試實驗室 風力機測試場周邊景觀 風力機測試場配置圖 土地面積：40mx120m CPHO/MIRDC33

  34. Any Question ? CPHO/MIRDC34

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