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Household water treatment. Water Quality Problems. Recommendations. New source Pollution control Maintenance + inspection Treatment Explore all of them before taking action!. Before You Buy Treatment Equipment. Have your water tested by a certified lab
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Water Quality Problems Recommendations • New source • Pollution control • Maintenance + inspection • Treatment • Explore all of them before taking action!
Before You Buy Treatment Equipment • Have your water tested by a certified lab • Don’t rely on in-home water test results • Consult unbiased water quality experts • Explore all alternatives • New source, pollution control, maintenance
Water Treatment anion exchange disinfection oxidation pH adjustment cation exchange filtration adsorption demineralization Very complex topic – refer question to an expert
shock chlorination May work for small numbers of coliform bacteria
Point of Entry (POE) Whole House Treatment
continuous chlorination
U-V Sterilizer U-V Tube
Control Valve Tank
Softening Nitrate removal Metals & H2S Neutralizer Organicremoval
Schematic of Softener Ion Exchange: Sodium for Calcium & Magnesium Raw Water Calcium & Magnesium RESIN (Sodium Or Potassium) Treated Water (Sodium or Potassium)
Carbon Filtration • Uses • Remove man-made organic chemicals • Remove miscellaneous tastes from water • Remove radon gas from water • Maintenance • Carbon must be replaced routinely
Water Limestone chips or calcite Gravel Acid (Corrosive Water) Control
Iron Removal • Form and concentration is important • Oxidized = visible, orange stain • Reduced = colorless • Removal Methods • Water softener • Chlorination / filtration • Oxidizing filter
Hydrogen Sulfide • Hot water only? • remove or replace rod in heater • Carbon filtration • Chlorination / filtration • Aeration • Oxidizing filter • manganese greensand
Radon • Naturally occurring radioactive gas • Enters groundwater from surrounding rock • Gas released as water is used during showering or bathing • No drinking water standard • - Proposed standard for 300 pCi/L • Test indoor air first • Removed with carbon filter or aeration
Point of Use (POU) At the Sink
Reverse Osmosis • force water through membrane • removes many contaminants
Reverse osmosis Page 61 Startup condition Reverse osmosis membrane Contaminated inlet water
Reverse osmosis Page 61 Later time Reverse osmosis membrane Contaminated inlet water
RO Unit Pre-filter Sediment Carbon
Tips for Buying Treatment Equipment • Seek reputable companies that have been around • Ask for customer references • Research company history • Beware of hard sale techniques (scare tactics) • Ask about maintenance requirements • Get a detailed warranty • Look for NSF and WQA certifications • EPA certification means nothing • Get everything in writing! • If it sounds too good - it is!