Fusion Centers & Their Role in Information Sharing

1. COPS 2007 Technology Program Kickoff Conference Fusion Centers&Their Role in Information Sharing Norm Beasley Maricopa County Sheriff’s Office

2. Fusion Centers • Outgrowth of State and Local Initiatives to improve information sharing within their jurisdictions in a post 911 environment • Key component of a jurisdictions homeland security and crime prevention efforts

3. Fusion Centers GAO - 58

4. Fusion Centers-Federal Initiatives • Intelligence and Terrorism Prevention Reform Act of 2004 • ODNI Information Sharing Environment Implementation Plan (November 2006) • Establishes State and Major Urban Area Fusion Centers as part of the national intelligence structure • Calls for a National Network of State and Major Urban Area Fusion Centers • Establishes information sharing environment for state, local and federal agencies

5. Fusion Centers-Federal Initiatives • National Strategy for Information Sharing (October 2007) • Guiding Principle: • Those responsible for combating terrorism must have access to timely and accurate information regarding those who would attack us, their plans and targets • This information will guide our efforts to: • Implement information driven and risk based detection, prevention, deterrence, response, protection & emergency management efforts

6. Fusion Centers-Federal Initiatives • National Counter-Terrorism Center (NCTC) • Primary organization for analyzing and integrating all terrorism related intelligence acquired by the United States Government • Interagency Threat Assessment and Coordination Group (ITACG) • Supports NCTC efforts to produce federally coordinated intelligence/information products

7. Fusion Centers –What Are They? • Collaborative effort between two or more agencies that provides a central point for the collection, analysis and dissemination of information within a given jurisdiction • Fusion Centers are the nerve center for: • Investigative support • Intelligence • Information sharing, between law enforcement, public safety, and other partners, including the private sector • Provide the basis for intelligence led policing and homeland security operations

8. Fusion Centers-Congressional Reports • Governmental Accountability Office • Issues • Slow assignment of DHS Analysts • Security clearances • Analyst staffing levels & training Fusion Center Sustainability • Information overload

9. Fusion Centers-Congressional Reports • Congressional Research Service • Issues: • National Fusion Center Strategy • Training • Technical Assistance & Mentoring • Funding • Information Sharing • Privacy & Security • All Crimes vs. Counter Terrorism Focus

10. Best Practice Arizona Counter Terrorism Information Center “VICTORY THROUGH COOPERATION”

11. Arizona Counter Terrorist Information Center Operational: October 1, 2004 Mission: To protect the citizens and critical infrastructures of Arizona by enhancing and coordinating counter terrorism intelligence and other investigative support efforts among local, state and federal law enforcement agencies Goal: To prevent terrorism and related crimes, thereby providing a safe and secure environment for the citizens of Arizona

12. Arizona Counter Terrorist Information Center • Multi-Agency Operation • Staffing from 43 law enforcement agencies • 240 State, Local & Federal officers/analysts • Co-located with the FBI JTTF • Inter-governmental agreement signed by all assigned agencies • Three year commitment • FBI conducts SBI’s on all Personnel to Secret and Above Levels • All crimes concept (except drugs)

13. ACTIC Management Direction • Primary component of the DPS Intelligence Bureau • ACTIC/JTTF- Operational Command • DPS Commander • FBI ASAC • ACTIC Management Board • Command representatives of participating agencies • Sets investigative and Intelligence priorities • Governor’s ACTIC Oversight Committee

14. Terrorism and related crimes Threats to critical infrastructure Threats to government & law enforcement officials Transnational organized crime Traditional organized crime Threats to special events Identify theft Document fraud Narco terrorism Airport related incidents Major arsons Weapons,alcohol,tobacco, HazMat related incidents Explosive related incidents International incidents with potential local impact Border related crimes Investigative/Intelligence Priorities

15. Investigative/Intelligence Priorities • ACTIC Detectives and Analysts work both: • Intelligence investigations • Criminal investigations • ACTIC Analytical Units • Strategic • Tactical • FBI Field Intelligence Group

16. Academic Out reach • National White Collar Crime Center(NW3C) • Arizona State University • Internship Program • Provides BA & Graduate interns • Research (open source) • Linguistics • Technology

17. Arizona Counter Terrorism Information Center • Other units housed at the ACTIC: • Criminal Investigation Research Unit • DPS Computer Forensics • DPS Criminal CBRNE/Infrastructure Assessment Unit • DPS Violent Criminal Apprehension Program(VICAP) • DPS Geographic Information • Maricopa County Sheriff’s Office Facial Recognition Unit

18. Privacy & Civil Liberties Policies • Non-Disclosure Agreement • Dissemination Agreement • AcTIC Policy & Procedures • 28 CFR, Part 23 • ACJIS Policies NCIC guidelines • Intelligence Collection Plan(s)

19. ACTIC Websites • Public Site • Secure Sites • FBI Law Enforcement On-Line • USDHS HSIN-INTELL

20. ACTIC Best Practices • Identified by U.S Department of Homeland Security • Terrorism Liaison Officer & Community Liaison Programs • Maricopa County Sheriff’s Office Facial Recognition Unit

21. Terrorism Liaison Officer & Community Liaison Program

22. Terrorism Liaison Officer & Community Liaison Program • A terrorism liaison officer & Community Liaison program is a critical part of any fusion center • TLO’s & Community Liaison representatives are an extension of the fusion center providing the information bridge between the fusion center and their agency or discipline • Provides outreach and reach back capabilities

23. Terrorism Liaison Officers • 40- Hour AZPOST Certified Course • Two TLO Categories • Level A • Level B • First response capability • Respond to major incidents to provide intelligence support

24. Community Liaison Program • Private & Non-Law Enforcement Public Sector Agencies • Perform same functions as Terrorism Liaison Officers within their company and discipline • Private sector outreach section of the fusion center • Identifies subject matter experts in public and private sector agencies and organizations

25. Information Technology Government Services Emergency Services Public Health Water Supply Agriculture & Food Banking & Finance Energy Chemical industry Education Hospitality Industry Defense Postal & Shipping Telecommunications Transportation Community Groups Community Liaison Program SECTORS

26. TLO and Community Liaison Program Networking Emergency Preparedness and Management Public Works and Critical Infrastructure 1st Responders TLO Business Religion Healthcare Education& Schools

27. Maricopa County Sheriff’s OfficeFacial Recognition Unit Maricopa County Sheriff’s OfficeJoseph M. Arpaio - Sheriff

28. MCSO Facial Recognition Unit • Hummingbird Defense Systems • Prime Contractor • Partnership with: • Arizona Governors Office • Arizona Office of Homeland Security • ACTIC & participating agencies • Arizona Sheriff’s & Police Departments • Arizona Department of Transportation • Regional Information Sharing Systems (RISS)

29. MCSOFacial Recognition Unit • Program Use: • Identity fraud • Suspect identification • Photographs • Surveillance Photographs & Video • Suspect sketches • Missing and abducted children & abductors • Special event and area surveillance • Sexual predators • Field deployable for special events and on site identifications

30. MCSOFacial Recognition Unit • Current data base: • Arizona Drivers license Photos • 12 million • Arizona County and City Booking Photographs • 2.1 million • Arizona sex offenders data base • 12,000 • USDOJ Joint Automated Booking System • 1.8 Million

31. National Facial Recognition Network • National effort by MCSO working with state and local fusion centers • Obtain all criminal images from participating states and local jurisdictions • These images will be included in the MCSO Facial Recognition Database • Also working with other Federal Elements to obtain additional images

32. How Does it Work? System searches the 16 million image database in under 15 seconds

33. AcTIC Image Investigation System (IIS) Stored Images and Information Image becomes Template Images are sent to AcTIC to be compared against the database of over 10 million images for identification Face Recognition Templates are are sent to each of the AcTIC Search Servers, all at the same time, creating a massively parallel investigation engine. Templates are compared against the database of over 16 million images and matches are recorded and returned to the investigator via the WEB service. AcTIC Facial Recognition WEB Server Suspect Image AcTIC Facial Recognition Central and Database Server Investigation Workstations Dedicated Search Face Recognition Rack Servers

34. QUESTIONS?