Psychosocial Development : What is New?

1. Psychosocial Development : What is New? Dr S Yamuna Chennai

2. Erikson’s Psychosocial Stages • Eight Stages • Challenge with outcome • Crisis • Difficult to catch up • Deviation from the norm

3. Stages 1. Trust V/s Mistrust 2. Autonomy V/s Shame & Doubt 3. Initiative V/s Guilt 4. Industry V/s Inferiority 5. Identity V/s Role Confusion 6. Intimacy V/s Isolation 7. Generativity V/s Stagnation 8. Integrity V/s Despair

4. Trust v/s Mistrust Tara Tarang Born to parents from different States In the absence of the parents, day care center and paid caretaker were the options • Born to parents of similar background • Many Parent figures to attend on

5. Autonomy v/s Doubt & Shame Tara Tarang Delayed Communication Skills. H/o Seizures in the Neonatal period with reduced power in Rt side and Developmental delay Choices were made either by parents or by the caretakers Parents were busy most part of the day. • Communication skills were very good. • Had the opportunity to choose her dress, footwear etc. • Unconditional Love showered

6. Initiative v/s Guilt Tara Tarang Needed help to carry out some of the activities like tricycling, playing cricket etc. In view of the difference in the gait refused to meet strangers • Recipient of encouragement at play, at school and at other activities by Teachers and Parental figures • Did not have hesitation to meet stranger adults and involve in conversations

7. Industry v/s Inferiority Tara Tarang Was not able to get involved in Sports activities like Football due to lack of Power(4/5) Competitions that involved Verbal display made him shrink as he was not sure of his performance against girls • Participated in various competitions and won prizes • Was a good orator and won the appreciation of teachers

8. Identity v/s Role Confusion Tara Tarang No friends; did not belong to a group of friends. Was attracted to a few classmate girls. Did not propose to anyone with fear of rejection. • Had same gender friends and interacted with almost everyone in the class • Had a few crushes; when proposed to, decided to work towards her goal.

9. Identity v/s Role Confusion Tara Tarang Was not ready for exams; Neglected self care. Withdrawn from parents; did not pursue any of the previous interests • Achieved her educational goals. • Moved into a hostel; able to look after self care needs with ease. • Kept in touch with parents almost everyday

10. Intimacy v/s Isolation/Depression Tara Tarang Feels Home Sick very often; Skips classes often and has trouble with Faculty members Does not speak freely with parents • Settled well with room mates; • Developed good rapport with new Faculty members • Discusses about friends with parents; also advises parents about what to do in the event of challenges

11. Observation • Tara progressed from one stage to another with ease • Tarang’s progress along the stages of Psychosocial development has been compromised at various levels

12. Questions to be answered • What is the prognosis? • Will Tarang progress to other stages in future? • What can be done at this stage? • What could have been done to prevent the same?

13. Key Messages Adolescents with chronic illnesses present with psychosocial developmental Crises/arrests Early identification of such challenges would be useful in guiding parents appropriately Developmental assessment to include Psychosocial stages as well.

14. Thank You dryamunapaed@yahoo.com