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Chapter 7. CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY. OVERVIEW. Understand the structure of NTFS security Control access to files and folders by using permissions Optimize access to files and folders by using NTFS best practices Audit NTFS security Troubleshoot access to files and folders.
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Chapter 7 CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY OVERVIEW • Understand the structure of NTFS security • Control access to files and folders by using permissions • Optimize access to files and folders by using NTFS best practices • Audit NTFS security • Troubleshoot access to files and folders
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY MASTER FILE TABLE (MFT)
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY SECURITY DESCRIPTORS
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY ACCESS CONTROL LISTS (ACLs) • Store access control entries (ACEs) • Assigned to security descriptor for file system object • Evaluated to control access to objects • There are two types of ACLs: • Discretionary ACL (DACL): Permissions • System ACL (SACL): Auditing
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY ACCESS CONTROL ENTRIES (ACEs) • Stored in ACLs (which are collections of ACEs, grouped by resource) • Consist of user or group SIDs with permission entries • Can be set for Allow, Deny, or Audit • Allow and Deny ACEs can exist in the same ACL • Audit ACEs are kept in SACLs • Deny ACEs override Allow ACEs
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY STANDARD NTFS PERMISSIONS
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY SPECIAL PERMISSIONS
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY PERMISSION INHERITANCE • Subfolders and files inherit permissions • Inheritance can be blocked • Blocking required for new permissions
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY COPYING OR MOVING NTFS OBJECTS
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY PLANNING NTFS PERMISSIONS • Consolidate data • Assign permissions to folders • Assign most restrictive permissions possible • Use groups for permission assignment • Avoid excessively blocking inheritance • Avoid the Deny ACE
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY ASSIGNING STANDARD PERMISSIONS
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY ASSIGNING SPECIAL PERMISSIONS
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY WHY CAN’T I CHANGE PERMISSIONS FOR THIS FOLDER?
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY TAKING OWNERSHIP OF FILES
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY MULTIPLE NTFS PERMISSIONS • Sum of all ACEs for user or group • Most lenient permission is the effective permission • Deny overrides all
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY VIEWING EFFECTIVE PERMISSIONS
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY AUDITING NTFS ACCESS
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY DISCUSSION
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY SUMMARY • NTFS permissions work only on NTFS volumes. • Security descriptors are stored in the $Secure file. • ACLs list ACEs assigned to an object. • ACEs map users or groups to permissions. • Permissions are inherited by default. • Effective permissions are the sum of ACEs.
Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY SUMMARY (CONTINUED) • Ownership cannot be “given.” • Deny ACEs override all other ACE types for a particular permission. • Avoid the Deny ACE to limit complexity.