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CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY

Chapter 7. CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY. OVERVIEW. Understand the structure of NTFS security Control access to files and folders by using permissions Optimize access to files and folders by using NTFS best practices Audit NTFS security Troubleshoot access to files and folders.

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CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY

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  1. Chapter 7 CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY

  2. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY OVERVIEW • Understand the structure of NTFS security • Control access to files and folders by using permissions • Optimize access to files and folders by using NTFS best practices • Audit NTFS security • Troubleshoot access to files and folders

  3. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY MASTER FILE TABLE (MFT)

  4. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY SECURITY DESCRIPTORS

  5. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY ACCESS CONTROL LISTS (ACLs) • Store access control entries (ACEs) • Assigned to security descriptor for file system object • Evaluated to control access to objects • There are two types of ACLs: • Discretionary ACL (DACL): Permissions • System ACL (SACL): Auditing

  6. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY ACCESS CONTROL ENTRIES (ACEs) • Stored in ACLs (which are collections of ACEs, grouped by resource) • Consist of user or group SIDs with permission entries • Can be set for Allow, Deny, or Audit • Allow and Deny ACEs can exist in the same ACL • Audit ACEs are kept in SACLs • Deny ACEs override Allow ACEs

  7. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY STANDARD NTFS PERMISSIONS

  8. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY SPECIAL PERMISSIONS

  9. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY PERMISSION INHERITANCE • Subfolders and files inherit permissions • Inheritance can be blocked • Blocking required for new permissions

  10. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY COPYING OR MOVING NTFS OBJECTS

  11. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY PLANNING NTFS PERMISSIONS • Consolidate data • Assign permissions to folders • Assign most restrictive permissions possible • Use groups for permission assignment • Avoid excessively blocking inheritance • Avoid the Deny ACE

  12. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY ASSIGNING STANDARD PERMISSIONS

  13. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY ASSIGNING SPECIAL PERMISSIONS

  14. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY WHY CAN’T I CHANGE PERMISSIONS FOR THIS FOLDER?

  15. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY TAKING OWNERSHIP OF FILES

  16. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY CACLS.EXE

  17. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY MULTIPLE NTFS PERMISSIONS • Sum of all ACEs for user or group • Most lenient permission is the effective permission • Deny overrides all

  18. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY VIEWING EFFECTIVE PERMISSIONS

  19. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY AUDITING NTFS ACCESS

  20. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY DISCUSSION

  21. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY SUMMARY • NTFS permissions work only on NTFS volumes. • Security descriptors are stored in the $Secure file. • ACLs list ACEs assigned to an object. • ACEs map users or groups to permissions. • Permissions are inherited by default. • Effective permissions are the sum of ACEs.

  22. Chapter 7: CONFIGURING AND MANAGING NTFS SECURITY SUMMARY (CONTINUED) • Ownership cannot be “given.” • Deny ACEs override all other ACE types for a particular permission. • Avoid the Deny ACE to limit complexity.

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