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Digital Voice and Data

Digital Voice and Data. ICOM D-Star The Cutting Edge? California Yacht Club Radio Amateur Group June 14, 2008 www.papasys.org . The PAPA System. 1. CONTENTS. About D-STAR Key Benefits Why D-STAR D-STAR Benefits D-STAR Radios Stand alone system operation

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Digital Voice and Data

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  1. Digital Voice and Data ICOM D-Star The Cutting Edge? California Yacht Club Radio Amateur Group June 14, 2008 www.papasys.org

  2. The PAPA System www.papasys.org 1

  3. CONTENTS • About D-STAR • Key Benefits • Why D-STAR • D-STAR Benefits • D-STAR Radios • Stand alone system operation • Gateway (“Linked”) system operation • RF configuration of repeaters • Resources • Conclusion www.papasys.org

  4. WHAT IS D-STAR • Digital – Smart Technology for Amateur Radio • ICOM’s implementation of JARL open standard for UHF/VHF digital voice and data communications • 2 Meter, 440 MHz and 1.2 GHz • Consists of radios, repeaters, and (optional) Gateway hardware and software • Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK) with forward error correction • “New” Modulation Scheme • RF aspects remain unchanged (RF is RF) www.papasys.org 3

  5. WHY D-STAR • Why Not D-STAR? • Something in it for everyone • Gateway and PC • for Data Commx , Programmer , and Networking Interests • RF for the Antenna and RF System interests • “Rag Chewing” on Local and Gateway Repeaters • Amateur Radio allows experimentation • An experiment that seems to be working • More Elegant and targeted form of networking than • IRLP or EchoLink • Must know users QTH and node number at that QTH • D-STAR only requires knowledge of person’s call sign • D-STAR Replace Analog FM??? • Akin to AM to SSB on HF in the 50’s and 60’s • Not to worry – D-STAR and Analog will co-exist for a long time www.papasys.org

  6. KEY BENEFITS • Digital Quality Voice Communication Simplex Or Via Repeater • Coverage On 440 Equal To Or Better Than Analog • 10% To 15% More Range – Try It And Report Back • Audio Quality Is Consistent • Nationwide Routed Call Sign Calling Via Gateway • No Need To Know QTH Of Target • Key-up Networked D-STAR Machine And The World Knows Your QTH • Data Transmission • Low-speed Data On UHFand VHF • Wideband Service Is Available On 1.2 Ghz With Up To 128K Baud Rates • Wireless Internet Access Via Router Available (1.2 GHz) • Part 97 Presumably Applies To Content www.papasys.org 5

  7. Additional Benefits • Extensive support via forums and user groups • Lower RF bandwidth requirements (6.25 KHz vs.16 KHz) • Digital messaging in Digital Voice mode • i.e., works on 2M, 440 or 1.2 GHz) • Location services (e.g., D-PRS/APRS) • IP compatible, OPEN JARL standard • Probably between 500 + repeaters on the air (Internationally) • Approximately 500 Gateways • Approximately 20000 (???) Registered users • Gateway users each day – estimated 600 to 700 + • www.dstarusers.org • 15 – 20 repeaters in Southern California • Multicast Capability www.papasys.org 6

  8. D-STAR REPEATERS –SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA • Pocket Auto Patch Association (PAPA) • Oat Mtn (Gateway) • KI6JKA (447.200-) • Saddle Peak (Gateway) • KF6BQK (449.080-) • Palomar • WB6YES (449.860-) • Woodson Mountain • KI6KQU (447.840-) • Crest Line • Online now • Mt Otay • Online now • Ed Kane, W6ONT; Cecil Casillas, WD6FZA www.papasys.org

  9. D-STAR REPEATERS –SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA con. • South Orange ARA (SOARA) K6SOA • Laguna Beach (1000’) • Full Stack w/ Gateway • 146.115+; 445.660-; 1282.600-; 1299.900 MHz • Brian Roode, NJ6N; Howard Brown, KG6GI • Independent Radio Club • Contractor’s Point — WA6IRC) (Gateway) • Full Stack • 145.605-; 446.870-; 1282.650-; 1299.700 MHz • Blue Ridge — W6CPAR (No Gateway) • 145.585 -0.600 MHz; 446.87 – 5.000 MHz • Leon Brown, KC6JAR; Ken Chafin, W6CPA • Dennis Hughes, KE6RYZ • Keller Peak KC6RYZ Gateway • 145.595- www.papasys.org

  10. D-STAR REPEATERS –SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA con. • RayWunno, KE6LE • Rancho Palos Verde KE6LE • 449.820- No Gateway • Ray Waldemar, WA6NVL • Dave Leeper K6DWL • El Monte K6DWL • Frequency Not Noted • Gateway • HRO • Anaheim • 1282.55 - Gateway • Palm Springs • 447.14 - Gateway • K6IFR www.papasys.org

  11. D-STAR RADIOS www.papasys.org

  12. D-STAR Radio Capabilities • D-STAR Radios Modes • Radios work in both digital and analog modes and dual banders are available • AM, FM, FM-N, and Digital Voice (DV) • DV Dongle • Station Identification is Automatic in DV • “Built” Into Each Digital Signal Sent • Meets all FCC Identification Requirements • Can Send Simultaneously (and Display on The Radio) • Your Name, GPS Position, and Text Message in the same Data Stream at 2400 Baud • At 2X Packet Speed www.papasys.org

  13. DV Dongle • AMBE Dongle – Provides AMBE 2020 interface between a radio and computer through USB port. • Computer can monitor and process baseband packet stream • Many more uses www.papasys.org

  14. Dv Dongle PC SCREENS Initial Start-up Screen Connected Screen www.papasys.org

  15. D-ECHOAuthored By: Robin Cutshaw, AA4RC • The repeater will record your transmission and play it back upon un-keying. • The application is invoked by entering repeater call-sign and ‘E’ into the UrCall field (e.g. KF6BQK E). www.papasys.org

  16. GPS Operation www.papasys.org 15

  17. Low-Speed Data IC-91AD/92AD IC-80AD ID-800H IC-2820 IC-2820 • Data, PC Programming Cables • IC-91/92AD & IC-2820 • Same Cable used for Both Radios • ID-800H • PC Programming – OPC-478 or OPC-478U • Data – OPC-1529R • Any Terminal Program should work • ID-91AD Software includes Terminal Prog • D-CHAT by NJ6N (Quite “User-Friendly”) www.papasys.org 16

  18. D-STAR CHATAuthored By Brian, NJ6N • Runs on Windows • Enables text based communications between multiple stations simultaneously. • Runs on repeater, through the gateway, or on simplex frequency. • Customizable • Can send periodic QST message. • Filters GPS data from the message stream. • Has 7 quick send text message slots www.papasys.org

  19. Radios Now Available • ID-1 1.2 GHz Mobile (10 Watts, High Speed Digital Data, Digital Voice, Analog Voice) -- $900 • ID-800H 2M/440 Mobile (55 Watt VHF/50 Watt UHF Digital Voice and Data, Analog Voice -- $550 • IC-2200H 2M Mobile (65 Watt VHF Digital Voice and Data -- $290 with optional digital module • IC-V82/U82 2M/440 HT (Digital Voice and Data) -- $390 with optional digital module • IC-91AD / IC-92AD / IC-80AD 2M/440 HT (Digital Voice and Data, Analog Voice) -- $400-500 with digital module • IC-2820 Dual Band Mobile (Analog and Digital) -- approx. $860 with optional DV module • Home brew 2-meter demonstrated at Dayton 2007 • DV Dongle approximately $190 18

  20. COMMUNICATING WITH D-STAR RADIOS www.papasys.org

  21. Getting Started Local Repeater Usage • No Squelch Tails Or Courtesy Beeps From Repeaters • But You Do Get A Status Read Back! • Ur* Or Ur? Usually Means You Did Go Through • RPT* Or RPT? Usually Means You Did NotGo Through • Local Repeater RPT* -Try Again • Gateway Ops RPT* • Check Your Routing Calls RPT1 & RPT2 Or Local Gateway Could Be Down • Remote Repeater Could Be Busy • Short Transmission From The Repeater • About 1 Second After Unkeying • Be Conscious Of How Close To The “Cliff” you Or Other User May Be www.papasys.org

  22. PROGRAMMING USER’s RADIO • Lots of Memory Channels • Many Setups – Organization Of Channels & Names • Programming Software Strongly Recommended • When You Begin To Program For Gateway Usage • You Don’t Want To Program Calls While Driving ! www.papasys.org

  23. MAIN REQUIREMENT PATIENCE PERSISTENCE P&#?* www.papasys.org

  24. LOCAL REPEATER SAME BAND CALL SIGN ENTRIES • Preferred Entrys (First 7 or Fewer Character Positions) • “MyCall” The Radio Owner’s Station Call Sign • “UrCall” “CQCQCQ”, Repeater, or Individual • “RPT1” KF6BQK^B (note the 8 characters) • Good Idea to use Repeater Call here • For 1.2 GHz Repeater { } • For 440 Repeater { } • e.g. for Saddle Peak • For 2M Repeater { } • Raised Repeater Without this Entry • “RPT2” No Entry Required A A C B B C • “^” = Space or Blank www.papasys.org

  25. D-STAR REPEATER SYSTEM 4 Box System with GATEWAY Shown* A G Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Module“A” C Module “C” * D-STAR System can be Controller , GateWay PC Plus any 2M, 440, 1.2 GHz DV or 1.2 GHz DD Modules B Module “B” Note 1: Analog RF Components (Filters, Cavities, Circulators, PreAmps, etc www.papasys.org 24

  26. RADIO INITIAL SETUP - DV • Turn on Radio • Set Frequency as for Analog FM (Mt Woodson 446.980 MHz) • Set offset (±0.600 MHz for 2M; ±5MHz for 440 ) • Decide on the Communication You Want to Accomplish • To whom you want to talk • Defined by “RPT1” and “RPT2” • Enter / Program Call Signs into the Radio • Push Buttons, Turn Knobs to Alpha Numeric Entry Areas • “MyCall” Always the Radio Owner’s Call Sign (e.g. Cecil uses WD6FZA) • “UrCall” Always the Station Being Called (CQCQCQ, Repeater, or Individual) • “RPT1” Call sign (& port) of the originating (input) repeater • (Local Repeater e.g for Woodson use KI6KQU^A, B, or C) • “RPT2” Call sign & designator of the gateway or cross band port • Call Routing (Local Repeater e.g for Mt. Woodson use KI6KQU^A, B, C, or G) • “^” = Space or Blank www.papasys.org

  27. PROGRAMMING D-STAR RADIOS – CALL SIGN ENTRYS • Decide On The Communication You Want To Accomplish • Simplex • Repeater • Local • Same Band • Cross Band (2M To 440, 2M To 1.2 Ghz, 1.2 Ghz To 440 Mhz • Another Part Of The World Via The Gateway (e.G. San Francisco, Atlanta, Australia, Italy) • Same Band • Cross Band (2M To 440, 2M To 1.2 Ghz, 1.2 Ghz To 440 Mhz) • Tells You What To Enter Into “Urcall”, “RPT1”, And “RPT2” Blocks • Eight Character Positions For Each Block • Seven For Station/Repeater Call Signs • Character Position Number 8 Is A Switch www.papasys.org

  28. SIMPLEX OPERATION – CALL SIGN ENTRYS • Preferred Entrys(First 7 or Fewer Character Positions) • “MyCall” The Radio Owner’s Station Call Sign • “UrCall” No Entry Required • “RPT1” No Entry Required • “RPT2” No Entry Required • Owner’s Call Sign (“MyCall”)is automatically transmitted each time PTT is pressed • Communications can be accomplished with nothing entered for “MyCall”, “UrCall”, “RPT1” or “RPT2” www.papasys.org

  29. Gateway Essentials • Registration Required For Gateway Operation • Get With Your Local Administrator To Get Registered • Registering More Than Once Can Mess UP Gateway Data Base • Similar to IRLP Except • D-STAR Calls Are Automatically Routed • No Registration Required For Local Use • Conversations Are NOTPrivate • Both Ends Hear All • User Linking / Routing, Not Site Linking • User Determines The Route His Transmission Takes • Program Your Radio Ahead Of Time For Mobile Gateway Operations www.papasys.org

  30. YET ANOTHER D-STSAR RADIO PROGRAMMING AID http://www.dstarinfo.com/Calculator/DSTAR%20Web%20Calculator.aspx?Source=WA6IRC www.papasys.org

  31. Gateway Call Sign Entries • First Decide • With Whom You Want to Communicate • To Where You Want to Communicate • Preferred Entrys(First 7 or Fewer Character Positions for Call Signs) • “MyCall” The Radio Owner’s Station Call Sign • “UrCall” “/” Remote Repeater Call followed by an , , or • OR The Call Sign of the Individual With Whom You Want to Talk • “RPT1” KF6BQK^ , or , or (note the 8 characters) • For 1.2 GHz Repeater { } • For 440 Repeater { } e.g. for Mt Woodson • For 2M Repeater { } • “RPT2” KF6BQK^G B C A B A C A B C www.papasys.org / = CQCQCQ • “^” = Space or Blank

  32. THE CUTTING EDGE? • Not the only digital game in town, but it works out of the box • Excellent performance on 440 • ISDN rate internet access via ID-1 • Transparent call routing throughout the D-Star Network • Significant experimentation and innovation is occurring (e.g., home brew radios, openstar.org) www.papasys.org 31

  33. Appendix www.papasys.org

  34. D-STAR REPEATER SYSTEM Stand Alone 4 Box System Shown* A Module“A” * D-STAR System can be Controller Plus any 2M, 440, 1.2 GHz DV or 1.2 GHz DD Modules Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1 C Module “C” B Module “B” Note 1: Analog RF Components (Filters, Cavities, Circulators, PreAmps, etc) www.papasys.org 33

  35. Local Repeater Cross Band Call Sign Entries As an Example : WD6FZA Communicating Cross Band on the Mt Woodson D-STAR Repeater A C B B C C A A C B A B A C B • “^” = Space or Blank www.papasys.org

  36. RESOURCES • http://www.icomamerica.com/amateur/dstar/default.asp Icom D-Star Home • illinoisdigitalham (Yahoo Group, digital radio in general, including D-Star) • http://www.hamradio-dv.org/ Digital Radio Audio Comparisons • http://www.icomamerica.com/support/forums/ D-Star Forums (ICOM hosted) • http://www.arrl-al.org/D-STAR_class_2.pdf DSTAR Radios • http://www.icomamerica.com/downloads/manuals.asp Icomamerica manuals downloads (ICOM hosted) • http://www.ccdastronomy.org/D-Star (this presentation, in the “about D-Star” section) www.papasys.org 35

  37. http://D-STARusers.org  Provides listing of most recently heard stations, time, reporting node geographical locale and maps of repeater locations. www.papasys.org

  38. DSTAR REPEATERDIRECTORY www.papasys.org

  39. GATEWAY REPEATER CALL SIGN ENTRIES As an Example : WD6FZA Communicating Through the Mt. Woodson D-STAR Repeater Gateway on The Darwin, AU VK8RAD 2 Meter Box A G C B B C C A A A B B C A Module“A” C Module “C” B Module “B” • “^” = Space or Blank www.papasys.org

  40. Gateway Operation www.papasys.org 39

  41. LINKED REPEATER (GATEWAY) OPERATION VK8RAD G KF6BQK G RPT2 = /VK8RADC OR VK8HF = UrCall KF6BQK B RPT1 = D-STAR Radio Entries VK8HF = MyCall WD6FZA TALKING TO VK8RF DARWIN, AUSTRALIA San Diego www.papasys.org 40

  42. Call Sign Squelch (DSQL) &Code Squelch (CSQL) • Call Sign Squelch (DSQL) • Configuration option on your radio • If enabled, squelch opens only when your call sign is received • Call sign squelch is bypassed if calling station operates in EMR mode • Code Squelch (CSQL) • Configuration option on your radio • Squelch opens only when a preset code is received • Programmable codes: 0-99 • Code squelch is bypassed if calling station operates in EMR mode www.papasys.org 41

  43. www.papasys.org

  44. D-STAR REPEATER SYSTEMS AND RF CONNECTIONS www.papasys.org

  45. RF Configuration (D-10) www.papasys.org 44

  46. RF Configuration (D-1) www.papasys.org 45

  47. www.papasys.org

  48. www.papasys.org 47

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