GRAPHICAL MEDIA

1. GRAPHICALMEDIA

2. “Graphics help to display and to clarify text. If you are a visual learner, your mind keys in on the graphics as much or more than it keys in on the text. Learning productivity increases by graphic display of a message. Graphics may be photographs, hand drawn artwork, computer drawn artwork, textures, scanned items, or any thing that is or can be digitized. Graphics must enhance the text.” Sprankle and Johnson

3. “Graphics can enhance your multimedia application by illustrating concepts and presenting information in uniquely effective ways. As part of a larger media mix, graphics can significantly enhance learning. In fact, some concepts are extremely difficult to teach without visuals. Some graphic images are real representations of actual objects, as in photographs, slides, and digitized images. Others are pictorial or diagrammatic representations of actual objects, which are often created by graphics artists.” (Fenrich, 1997, p. 138)

4. GRAPHICS FILE FORMATS

5. Graphics Files • GIF & JPeG (PNG)(Internet) • BMP & WMF (Windows) • PIC & PCT (Mac) • TIFf, TGA, EPS (Universal) See table at the end of the chapter for additional formats. (Note: “animated” gifs will be covered when we discuss animation).

6. Bitmapped (raster) Graphics vs. Object (vector) Graphics

7. Vector graphic Bitmapped graphic Traditional drawing

8. GRAPHICS SOFTWARE

9. Paint Draw vs.

10. Graphics Software In my work with graphics software, I have performed these three basic functions: 1. Converting from one file format to another 2. Editing the contrast, brightness, and color or hue 3. Changing the content of the graphic* Note: These are not always found in a single software package.

11. Free Graphics Software Paint (Windows) - editor and converter for numerous bitmapped formats such as: BMP, JPG, GIF,PCD, PCX, TIFF, DIB, and TGA. Microsoft Photo Editor (pre-Office 2000 Pro)- editor and converter for numerous bitmapped formats such as: BMP, JPG, GIF,PCD, PCX, TIFF, DIB, and TGA files. Lview Pro (www.lview.com) - editor and converter for numerous bitmapped formats such as: BMP, JPG, GIF, PPM, PCX, TIFF, DIB, and TGA files. Paint Shop Pro(www.jasc.com)- for numerous bitmapped formats such as: BMP, JPG, GIF, PPM, PCX, TIFF, DIB, and TGA files.

12. $$$ Graphics Software Adobe Photoshop ($649) Adobe Illustrator ($499) Corel Draw ($379) Macromedia FreeHand ($399) Autodesk Maya($1,999)

13. Graphics Sources • Scanner

14. Graphics Sources • Scanner • Digital Camera /Cell Phone Note: These devices can also be used for recording videos

15. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies Graphics Sources • Scanner • Digital Camera/Cell

16. 640x480 336KB 320x240 108KB 160x120 22KB Graphics Sources • Scanner • Digital Camera/Cell Phone • Video Capture Note: This device can also be used for recording videos

17. 640x4800 181KB Graphics Sources • Scanner • Digital Camera/Cell Phone • Video Capture

18. 640x480 224KB Graphics Sources • Scanner • Digital Camera/Cell • Video Capture

19. } Created } “Borrowed” Graphics Sources • Scanner • Digital Camera/Cell • Video Capture • Screen Capture • Photo CD’s • Clip Art • Internet Print Screen vs. Alt-Print Screen “right-click” on graphic or drag-and-drop

20. Color • Additive Color • light – RGB • monitor Color Mixer • Subtractive Color • paint – CYMK • printer

21. # of bits # of colors uses File Size Considerations Color depth(# of bits) 1 black & white line drawings 2 4 posters 4 16 sketches 8 (1 byte) 256 low-quality photographs 16 (2 bytes) 65,536 high-quality photographs 24 (3 bytes) 16,777,216 professional-quality photographs 32 (4 bytes) 4,294,967,296 ???

22. C o l o r d e p t h Also see Figure 6.2 in the MM text.

23. 256 – a necessary evil??? Some users may have their screens set to 256 colors, even if their computers are capable of a greater color depth. Early projectors were only capable of displaying 256 colors. This is the maximum color depth for GIFs (one of the main graphics Web file formats).

24. 256 – a necessary evil??? Some solutions: use an adaptive palette.

25. 256 – a necessary evil??? Some solutions: use an adaptive palette.

26. 256 – a necessary evil??? Some solutions: use an adaptive palette.

27. 256 – a necessary evil??? Some solutions: use an adaptive palette.

28. EDC 601 Instructional Technologies 256 – a necessary evil??? Some solutions: use an adaptive palette. Also see Figure 6.16 in the MM text. use dithering

29. # of bits # of colors uses File Size Considerations Colordepth(# of bits) 1 black & white line drawings 2 4 posters 4 16 sketches 8 (1 byte) 256 low-quality photographs 16 (2 bytes) 65,536 high-quality photographs 24 (3 bytes) 16,777,216 professional-quality photographs 32 (4 bytes) 4,294,967,296 ??? Image size (# of pixels)

30. 640 x 480 = 307,200 pixels 307,200 x 1 byte = 307,200 bytes 307,200 x 2 bytes = 614,400 bytes 307,200 x 3 bytes = 921,600 bytes 480 Almost a meg of VRAM 640

31. 800 x 600 = 480,000 pixels 480,000 x 1 byte = 480,000 bytes 480,000 x 2 bytes = 960,000 bytes 480,000 x 3 bytes = 1,440,000 bytes 600 Almost a 1.5 meg of VRAM 800

32. 480 600 640 800

33. 600 800 1200 1600 x 1200 x 4 bytes = 7,680,000 bytes More than 7.5 meg of VRAM 1600

34. Screen Resolutions Reported in the MM Text • 6th Edition • 640x480 2% • 800x600 44% • 1024x768 42% • 1280x1024 4% • 1152x864 3% • Unknown 1% • 7th Edition • 640x480 0% • 800x600 20% • 1024x768 57% • Higher 17% • Unknown 6% What resolution and color depth do you use?

35. # of bits # of colors uses File Size Considerations Color depth (# of bits) 1 black & white line drawings 2 4 posters 4 16 sketches 8 (1 byte) 256 low-quality photographs 16 (2 bytes) 65,536 high-quality photographs 24 (3 bytes) 16,777,216 professional-quality photographs 32 (4 bytes) 4,294,967,296 ??? Image size (# of pixels) compressed vs. uncompressed

36. pixel x - and pixel y - pixels x & y - j p e g

39. b m p 1096 x 777 x 3 = 2,495 KB

40. g i f 568 KB

41. j p e g 193 KB

42. bmp gif jpg