1 / 22

Substances, Compounds & Mixtures

Substances, Compounds & Mixtures. How everything is put together. Chapter 2.1, 2.2, 2.3. What is matter? Anything that has mass and takes up space. Two types of matter. Substance Mixture. Substances. Matter that has a uniform composition throughout is called a substance .

avital
Download Presentation

Substances, Compounds & Mixtures

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Substances, Compounds & Mixtures How everything is put together.

  2. Chapter 2.1, 2.2, 2.3 What is matter? Anything that has mass and takes up space

  3. Two types of matter • Substance • Mixture

  4. Substances • Matter that has a uniform composition throughout is called a substance. • When different elements combine, other substances are formed.

  5. Substances • Contains only one type of particle • Can exist in 3 states of matter Picture from http://www.ilpi.com/msds/ref/gifs/statesofmatter.gif

  6. Two types of Substances Elements and Compounds

  7. Elements Elements • Simplest forms of matter • Cannot be separated into simpler substances. Examples: Oxygen, Hydrogen, Carbon

  8. Compounds • A compound is a substance whose composed of more than one element bonded together. • Compounds can only be broken down through chemical processes Examples: Water, salt, sugar

  9. Compounds Have Formulas • H20 is the chemical formula for water, and H2O2 is the formula for hydrogen peroxide. • Chemical formulas tells us which elements make up a compound as well as how many atoms of each element are present.

  10. How to read a formula H20 This is a subscript. It tells us how many atoms of that element exist in one unit of that compound. Hydrogen is made of 2 H atoms and 1 O atom. No subscript is used when only one atom of an element is present.

  11. Let’s try it… • How many atoms there are of each element. • Sulfuric Acid H2SO4 • 2 Hydrogen • 4 Oxygen • 1 Sulfer • Hydrogen Peroxide H2O2 • 2 Hydrogen • 2 Oxygen

  12. And some more formulas… • Carbon Dioxide CO2 • 1 Carbon • 2 Oxygen • Carbon Monoxide CO • 1 Carbon • 1 Oxygen • Calcium Carbonate (Found in shells, eggshells, antacid) CaCO3 • 1 Calcium • 1 Carbon • 3 Oxygen

  13. Compound Review •  A compound has the same elements and the same amount of elements all of the time • Elements are chemically combined • Compound properties are different from the properties of the individual elements • They cannot be separated physically

  14. Mixtures • A mixture is a combination of two or more substances where there is no chemical combination or reaction.

  15. Mixtures A mixture is a combination of two or more substances where there is no chemical combination or reaction.

  16. Mixtures Mixtures combine physically in no specific proportions. They just mix.

  17. Mixture Types • MIXTURES MAY BE HOMOGENEOUS OR HETEROGENEOUS

  18. Homogeneous Mixtures Homogeneous Mixtures: • Physical blend of two or more substances. • The prefix: "homo"- indicates the same • Have the same uniform appearance and composition throughout

  19. Solutions (Homogenous Mixtures) • SOLUTIONS are homogeneous mixtures Examples: vinegar, soda, tap water, air

  20. Heterogeneous Mixtures: • The prefix: "hetero"- indicates difference • A heterogeneous mixture consists of visibly different substances or phases • Two or more parts can be seen

  21. Examples: • Pizza • Sandwich • Chex Mix

  22. Compounds vs Mixtures Mixtures Compounds Not chemically combined Combine chemically forming molecules Can combine in any proportion Combine in set proportions Separated chemically Separated physically

More Related