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BepiColombo: The Italian Scientific Participation

BepiColombo: The Italian Scientific Participation. Enrico Flamini – Workshop ASI 2008. MARINER 10. So far Mercury has been explored only by the NASA Mariner 10, during its 3 fly-bys between 1974-75, more then 30 years ago!

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BepiColombo: The Italian Scientific Participation

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  1. BepiColombo: The Italian Scientific Participation Enrico Flamini – Workshop ASI 2008

  2. MARINER 10 • So far Mercury has been explored only by the NASA Mariner 10, during its 3 fly-bys between 1974-75, more then 30 years ago! • Only 45% of the planet surface has been covered by SC images and the resolution is barely enough to show major features • Mariner had on board a Vidicom camera equipped with a smart narrow angle telescope that could operate also as wide angle with the insertion of a lens mounted on the filter wheel.

  3. MARINER 10 • The orbital constraints allowed a maximum resolution of the order of 0.1km at few locations. • The first 2 fly-bys allowed a full retrieval of all the acquired images while the 3°, due to a failure in the tape recorder, allowed only to receive part of the images. • Furthermore the orbital period of Mariner 10 around the Sun was 2 times the period of Mercury then the 2/3 resonance between rotation and orbital periods allowed to image only the same hemisphere during the 3 fly-bys. • Despite these limitations Mariner has been a beautiful and successful mission that provide the discovery of the Hermean magnetic field the existence of an exosphere, measure of the surface temperature and provided the possibility to classify for the first time the Hermean terrains and deduce information on the mineralogy and morphology.

  4. 34 Years Later:MESSENGER August 3, 2004 -- MESSENGER Launch August 2005 -- Earth flybyOctober 2006 -- Venus flybyJune 2007 -- Venus flybyJanuary 2008 -- Mercury flybyOctober 2008 -- Mercury flybySeptember 2009 -- Mercury flybyMarch 2011 -- Yearlong science orbit

  5. 45 years afterBepiColombo MPO MMO

  6. BepiColombo: Mission History • 1993Proposal for Mercury Mission in Response to Call for Missions May 1993 (Balogh) • 1993/94 Internal Assessment Study, 7 month • 1996 Mission selected as Cornerstone candidate for Horizon 2000 • 1996 April 4 month interim study  input for industrial system and technology study (Alenia) • 1998 April Alenia Study 1 year duration • 2000 Jan-Feb CDF study by ESA • 2000 April System and Technology Study Report by ESA • 2000 Nov Selection as ESA Cornerstone • 2001/02 Competitive BepiColombo Industrial Definition Studies (Alenia, Astrium) mid 2001 until end 2002 (Final presentation: Oct. 2002) • 2001 Nov. Ministerial Conference severe budget reduction, drop of the lander • 2002 Oct. Start of mission re-assessment by ESA SCI-A • 2003 Jun.End of mission re-assessment Reassessment Report  new mission scenario (single launch composite, new procurement approach for integrated payload suite) • 2003 Nov. SPC approval of New Mission Scenario and Payload Confirmation Process • 2004 Feb. SPC approval of Science Management Plan Release of Request for ProposalsStart of Industrial Definition Phase 2 Studies • 2004 Nov. Endorsement of MPO Payload Selection • 2005 May Delay of ITT release • 2005 Sep. Delay of Launch to August 2013 • 2005 Nov.Approval of MPO Payload • 2006 Feb. SPC Confirmation and ITT Release Giuseppe (Bepi) Colombo

  7. Orbital Comparison

  8. MPO Payload • BELA Laser Altimeter* N. Thomas / T. Spohn • ISA Italian Spring Accelerometer V. Iafolla • MERMAG Magnetometer * K.H. Glassmeier • MERTIS Thermal IR Spectrometer E.K. Jessberger • MGNS Gamma Ray/Neutron Spectr. * I. Mitrofanov • MIXS X-ray Spectrometer * G. Fraser • SIXS Solar Monitor J. Houvelin • MORE Radio Science L. Iess Ka-band Transponder * • PHEBUS UV Spectrometer E. Chassefière • SERENA Neutral Particle Analyser/ S. Orsini Ion Spectrometers • SIMBIO-SYS High Res.+ Stereo Cameras E. Flamini Visual and NIR Spectrometer * * • * Also on Messenger ** olny Hi Res and NIR spectrometer on Messenger

  9. MMO Payload MERMAG-M/MGF  Mercury Magnetometer W. Baumjohann MPPE Mercury Plasma Particle Experiment Y. Saito PWI  Plasma Wave Instrument H. Matsumoto MSASI  Mercury Sodium Atm. Spectral Imager I. Yoshikawa MDM Mercury Dust Monitor K. Nogami

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