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Marlis Reich Institute for Forest Botany Georg-August-Universität Göttingen

Genes of the Lipid Metabolism. Marlis Reich Institute for Forest Botany Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. Stumpe et al., 2005. MAJ. NAU. Gafur et al., 2004. Gafur et al., 2004. CO 2 - -. Malonyl-CoA. -CO 2 -. Biotin Carrier Protein. Biotin Carrier Protein. Biotin Carrier Protein.

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Marlis Reich Institute for Forest Botany Georg-August-Universität Göttingen

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  1. Genes of the Lipid Metabolism Marlis Reich Institute for Forest Botany Georg-August-Universität Göttingen

  2. Stumpe et al., 2005

  3. MAJ NAU Gafur et al., 2004 Gafur et al., 2004

  4. CO2-- Malonyl-CoA -CO2- Biotin Carrier Protein Biotin Carrier Protein Biotin Carrier Protein Biotin Carrier Protein Biotin-Carboxylase Acetyl-CoA carboxylase Transcarboxylase First rate-limiting step in long-chain fatty acid biosynthesis: Acetyl-CoA + HCO3- + Biotin- Carboxylase Transcarboxylase Lehninger et al., 1998

  5. acyl carrier protein (ACP) [acyl carrier protein] acetyltransferase (AT) [acyl carrier protein] malonyltransferase (MT) β- ketoacyl-[acyl carrier protein] synthase (KS) β-ketoacyl- [acyl carrier protein] reductase (KR) 3-hydroxypalmitoyl- [acyl carrier protein] dehydratase (HD) enoyl- [acyl carrier protein] reductase (ER)

  6. Laccaria bicolor one protein bacteria, plant seven proteins yeast two proteins vertebrates one protein

  7. In Laccaria bicolor: one fatty acid elongase six desaturases: Δ6- fatty acid desaturase Δ9- fatty acid desaturase Δ12- fatty acid desaturase Dihydroceramide Δ4- desaturase C5 sterol desaturase cytochrome P450 C22 sterol desaturase

  8. Coprinopsis cinerea: Laccaria bicolor: X fatty acid elongase six desaturases: Δ6- fatty acid desaturase Δ9- fatty acid desaturase Δ12- fatty acid desaturase Dihydroceramide Δ4- desaturase C5 sterol desaturase cytochrome P450 C22 sterol desaturase X X X X X X Sterol desaturase family protein

  9. Dihydroceramide Δ4- desaturase LACBI 100 Dihydroceramide Δ4- desaturase SCHPO C5- sterol desaturase LACBI 100 C5- sterol desaturase YEAST Δ9- fatty acid desaturase (scaff.8) LACBI 98 Δ9- fatty acid desaturase (scaff.27) LACBI 100 Δ9- fatty acid desaturase YEAST Δ12- fatty acid desaturase (scaff. 3) LACBI 99 Δ12- fatty acid desaturase MORAP 100 Δ12- fatty acid desaturase (scaff.41) LACBI 100 Δ12- fatty acid desaturase (scaff.51) LACBI Δ6- fatty acid desaturase LACBI 100 Δ6- fatty acid desaturase MORAP C22- sterol desaturase LACBI 100 C22- sterol desaturase YEAST MORAP = Mortierella alpina; LACBI = Laccaria bicolor; SCHPO = Schizosaccharomyces pombe; YEAST = Saccharomyces cerevisiae

  10. scff. 1 C22- sterol d. Δ6- fatty acid d. scff. 3 Dihydrocer.-d. Δ12-fatty acid d scff. 8 Δ9- fatty acid d scff. 11 C5- sterol d. scff. 27 Δ9- fatty acid d scff. 41 Δ12- fatty acid d scff. 51 Δ12- fatty acid d

  11. Introns: • usually length is ~ 40-50 bp • in some special genes, introns are mainly ~ 60 bp • start sequence: GT (GC) • end sequence: more often CAG/TAG than AAG • Exons: • in special areas of genes it is possible to find more than one very short exon sequence (~ 1-7 amino acids) • Coprinopsis cinerea: • high homology to genes of Coprinopsis cinerea • only beginning and ending of introns are sometimes changed (~ 1-4 amino acids) Lipids

  12. Gene name total length [kbp] introns exons members Δ6- fatty acid desaturase Δ9- fatty acid desaturase Δ12- fatty acid desaturase 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase Acetyl-CoA carboxylase Acyl carrier protein C4- methyl sterol oxidase C5- sterol desaturase C22- sterol desaturase Cytochrome b5- reductase Dihydroceramide Δ4- desaturase Fatty acid elongase Fatty acid hydroxylase Fatty acid synthase Phosphosphingolipids phospholipase C Pyruvate carboxylase Tricarboxylate transporter 1,837 1,91/1,62 1,761/1,705/2,222 3,092 7,291 0,554 1,231 1,2 1,794 1,43/1,138 1,388 1,213 1,521 12,878 1,489 4,968 1,38 4 9/4 8/8/14 14 12 3 4 4 5 8/5 5 7 7 20 4 25 9 5 10/5 9/9/15 15 13 4 5 5 6 9/6 6 8 8 21 5 26 10 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

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