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Computer Applications to Business. Lecture 01-02. Introduction to computers , Components of a computer, Classification of computers and Personal Computers . Introduction to computer. Introduction to computer. Computer is an electronic device. It is capable of receiving input,
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Computer Applications to Business Lecture 01-02 Introduction to computers , Components of a computer, Classification of computers and Personal Computers
Introduction to computer • Computer is an electronic device. • It is capable of receiving input, • processing the data on the basis of set of given instructions, • producing the output and • capable of storing the information (if required).
Components of a Computer • Input Devices • Output Devices • Storage Devices • System Unit
Input Devices • Keyboard • Mouse • Trackball • TrackPad • Microphone
Input Devices • Barcode Reader • Web cam • Digital Camera • Joy Stick • Game Controller
Output Devices • Monitor • Printer • Speakers • Headphones
Storage Devices • Hard Drive • Floppy Drive • CD, DVD, BRD Drives • USB • RAM
Classification of computers on the basis of shape and size • Supercomputer • Mainframe • Minicomputer • Microcomputer
Supercomputer • Super Computer are the largest, fastest and most expensive special purpose computer in the world. • They are designed to process scientific jobs like either to do scientific research or other especial purposes. • for example; CRAY
Mainframe • Mainframe Computer are larger than Mini computer but it is smaller than Super computer. • Mainframe computers are also multi-user system therefore more than 100 users can work at the same time with one Mainframe computer. • They are used in the hotels, industries, banks, airlines, etc. • for example; IBM 240.
Minicomputer • The Mini computer is medium in size i.e. it is also general purpose computer but unlike Micro computer. • It serves the multiple users i.e. many users can work at the same time with the single mini computers to performs data processing, programming, designing and other jobs. • They are used in Government Offices, University, Banks, Industries, Hotels etc. • for example; HP 3000.
Microcomputer • The Micro computer is the smallest computer system. • The size of computer ranges from the size of calculator to the size of desktop computer. • It is commonly used in offices, homes, schools etc. • Micro computer are also referred to as personal computer (PC), Desktop computer, Home computer or Laptops etc. • for example; IBM PC, IBM AT(Advanced Technology).
Classification of computers on the basis of purpose /use • General Purpose computers • Special purpose computers
Classification of computers on the basis of purpose /use • General Purpose computers • These computers are designed to perform wide variety of tasks (They are not limited) • For example: The computers at your home, which can be used to: • Create and print documents • Play music and video • Play video games • Check emails • Browse the internet • And many more..
Classification of computers on the basis of purpose /use • Special Purpose computers • These computers are designed to perform some specific task or set of tasks (They are limited). • For example: • The computers at airline can only process and store the data regarding flights. • The computers at weather forecasting can only predict the weather nothing else.
Personal computer (PC) • The computers which are designed to be used by a single person at a time are known as Personal Computers (PCs). • PCs are also called microcomputers.
Personal computer (PC) • There are six primary type of computers which lie under this category: • Desktop computers • Workstations • Notebook computers • Tablet computers • Handheld computers • Smart phones
Desktop computers • The most common type of personal computer is the desktop computer. • A PC that is designed to sit on (or under) a desk or table. • These are the systems you see all around you, in schools, homes, and offices. • Today's desktop computers are far more powerful than those of just a few years ago.
Desktop computers • Not only do these machines enable people to do their jobs with greater ease and efficiency, but they can be used : • to communicate, • produce music, • edit photographs and videos, • play sophisticated games, and • much more. • Used by everyone from preschoolers to nuclear physicists.
Desktop computers • The main component of a desktop PC is the system unit. • There are two common designs for desktop computers. • Horizontally oriented system unit, which usually lies flat on the top of the user’s desk. Many users place their monitor on top of the system unit. • Vertically oriented tower models have become the more popular style of desktop system.
Workstations • A workstation is a specialized, single-user computer that typically has more power and features than a standard desktop PC. • These machines are popular among scientists, engineers, and animators who need a system with greater-than-average speed and the power to perform sophisticated tasks.
Workstations • Workstations often have large, high-resolution monitors and accelerated graphics handling capabilities, making them suitable for: • advanced architectural or engineering design, • modeling, • animation, and • video editing.
Notebook Computers • Notebook computers, as their name implies, approximate the shape of an 8.5-by-11-inch notebook and easily fit inside a briefcase. • Because people frequently set these devices on their lap, they are also called laptop computers. • Notebook computers can operate on alternating current or special batteries.
Notebook Computers • These amazing devices generally weight less than eight pounds, and some even weight less than three pounds. • During use, the computer’s lid is raised to reveal a thin monitor and a keyboard. • When not in use, the device folds up for easy storage. • Notebooks are fully functional microcomputers; the people who use them need the power of a full-size desktop computer wherever they go.
Notebook Computers • Because of their portability, notebook PCs fall into a category of devices called mobile computers—systems small enough to be carried by their user. • Some notebook systems are designed to be plugged into a docking station, which may include a large monitor, a full-size keyboard and mouse, or other devices
Tablet PCs • The tablet PC is the newest development in portable, full-featured computers. • Tablet PCs offer all the functionality of a notebook PC, but they are lighter and can accept input from a special pen—called a stylus or a digital pen—that is used to write directly on the screen.
Tablet PCs • Many tablet PCs also have a built-in microphone and special software that accepts input from the user's voice. • A few models even have a fold-out keyboard, so they can be transformed into a standard notebook PC. • Some models also can be connected to a keyboard and a full-size monitor.
Handheld PCs • Handheld personal computers are computing devices small enough to fit in your hand. • A popular type of handheld computer is the personal digital assistant (PDA). • A PDA is no larger than a small appointment book and is normally used for special applications, such as • taking notes, • displaying telephone numbers and addresses, and • keeping track of dates or agendas. • Many PDAs can be connected to larger computers to exchange data.
Handheld PCs • Many PDAs let the user access the Internet through a wireless connection. • And several models offer features such as • Cameras • music players, and • Global Positioning Systems (GPS).
Smart Phones • Smart phones can be considered as computers. • They are different than mobile phones. • Because these phones offer advanced features not typically found in cellular phones, they are sometimes called as smart phones.
Smart Phones • These features can include Web and e-mail access, special software such as personal organizers, or special hardware such as digital cameras or music players. • Some models even break in half to reveal a miniature keyboard.
