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Unit 5: Bonding and Molecular Structure

Unit 5: Bonding and Molecular Structure. From yesterday:. What are the 3 possible resonance structures for OCN - and which contribute most to the molecular structure?. Unit 5: Bonding and Molecular Structure. Another consequence of resonance structures:.

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Unit 5: Bonding and Molecular Structure

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  1. Unit 5: Bonding and Molecular Structure From yesterday: What are the 3 possible resonance structures for OCN- and which contribute most to the molecular structure?

  2. Unit 5: Bonding and Molecular Structure Another consequence of resonance structures: What is the formal charge on each Oxygen in NO3-1?

  3. Unit 5: Bonding and Molecular Structure Now try the whole package on your own. Show all possible resonance structures for laughing gas, N2O, where the bonding order is N – N – O. Do any of the possibilities contribute more significantly than the others?

  4. VSEPR Theory Pronounced “Vesper” Theory Valence Shell Electron Repulsion Theory

  5. VSEPR • ValenceShellElectron PairRepulsion Theory Valence electrons Electrons in the outer shell Electrons exist in pairs around the atom Electron pairs repel one another 1. Electron pairs (lone pairs and bonding pairs) around central atoms repel one another. 2. As they push away from each other, they define what shape the molecule will have. 3. VSEPR Theory tells us what shapes those molecules will have.

  6. Electron Pair Geometry 1domain (Overall geometry) NUMBER OF DOMAINS: Domain = electron pairs around the central atom. BONDING PAIRS or LONE PAIRS

  7. Electron Pair Geometry 1domain (Overall geometry) NUMBER OF DOMAINS: A B GENERAL FORMULA: AB or A2 where A is the central atom and B is the domain ELECTRON PAIR GEOM: Linear (The overall shape) O2 or CO EXAMPLE:

  8. Electron Pair Geometry 2domains (Overall geometry) NUMBER OF DOMAINS: GENERAL FORMULA: AB2 B A B ELECTRON PAIR GEOM: Linear (The overall shape) CO2 EXAMPLE:

  9. Electron Pair Geometry 3domains (Overall geometry) NUMBER OF DOMAINS: GENERAL FORMULA: AB3 ELECTRON PAIR GEOM: Trigonal planar (The overall shape) BCl3 or SO2 EXAMPLE:

  10. Electron Pair Geometry 4domains (Overall geometry) NUMBER OF DOMAINS: GENERAL FORMULA: AB4 ELECTRON PAIR GEOM: Tetrahedral (The overall shape) CCl4 or H2O EXAMPLE:

  11. Electron Pair Geometry 5domains (Overall geometry) NUMBER OF DOMAINS: GENERAL FORMULA: AB5 ELECTRON PAIR GEOM: Trigonal bipyramidal (The overall shape) PCl5 or BrF3 EXAMPLE:

  12. Electron Pair Geometry 6domains (Overall geometry) NUMBER OF DOMAINS: GENERAL FORMULA: AB6 ELECTRON PAIR GEOM: Octahedral (The overall shape) SF6 or IF5 EXAMPLE: VSEPR shapes

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