Back Yard Poultry for Livelihood and Nutritional Security : Boosting Rural Adivasi Economy

1. Back Yard Poultry for Livelihood and Nutritional Security : Boosting Rural Adivasi Economy RRA Network, Malkangiri

2. MALKANGIRI: at a Glance • Malkangiri has total population of 6,13,192 out of which 57.83% (3,54,614) people are tribal. • 88.71% of total cultivable area are unirrigated and most of them fall under rainfed. • 39.02% of the livestock population is Desi bird. • 100% of tribal population have Desi bird in their back yard.

3. BACKGROUND • Back Yard Poultry provides income and nutritionto households, particularly to women. • At present the income ranges around Rs.2000 per household per year but has potential to increase up to Rs.15000 per household per year and potentially can supplement to family nutrition. • Desi birds have highermarket price, greater demand and better resistance to diseases and predation. • 84% of the birds in the backyard of the country are still desi breeds.

4. ISSUES OF THE DESI BIRDS • Disease outbreaks like Ranikhet, Fowl pox at times, wiping out birds from the entire village • No support system for vaccination. • Non availability of chicks of Desi birds, as there has been no efforts to establish Breed Farm of Desi Birds. • Low hatchability of eggs at household level due to poor handling of eggs • Lack of proper night shelters results in high levels of predation and theft.

5. BYP MODEL: 4 PILLAR HOUSEHOLD BACKYARD POULTRY HEALTH CARE SYSTEM CLUSTER RESOURCE CENTER DESI BIRDS BREED FARM ENTERPRISES

6. DESI BIRDS BREED FARM ENTERPRISES • A foraging area of around 2000 sqmt surrounding the home fenced with locally available materials against predation and theft. • A low cost night shelter for about 50 hens selected from the local population. • Package of Practices for increasing Forage Resource Base • Income up to Rs. 120000 annually

7. HOUSEHOLD BACKYARD POULTRY • Better management practices in backyard poultry. • establishing night shelters, feeding and watering practices • 5 hen unit per Household • Income of Rs.15000 annually

8. HEALTH CARE SYSTEM • Pool of trained veterinary vaccinators from the village. • Regular vaccination of the desi birds. • Vaccination charges.

9. CLUSTER RESOURCE CENTEER • Cluster Resource centre is formed for setting up support systems related to credit, supply of sustainable agriculture inputs and linkages with markets at cluster level. • It also provides various services related to poultry vaccination. • Vaccination kit • Procurement of vaccine

10. ANIRUDH BHUMIA: BREED FARM ENTERPRENEURE

11. Started the farm with 2 cocks and 5 hens in a 20x10 feet breed farm • Less than half an acre (500qm) of foraging area • Has now 128 birds altogether • 2 Cocks and 40 hens • 49 adults and 37 chicks • Earns around 40 thousand annually

12. Proper care with regular vaccination both in his farm and village • Natural feeding • Supplementary feeding

13. Anirudh is one among the trained veterinary vaccinators. • Conducts regular vaccination in his village. Has reduced mortality rate of birds. • Earns around Rs. 20,000 annually through vaccination.

14. HOUSEHOLD BYP • SamuluBhumia • Earlier 10 to 12 flock size (hens 2 to 3). • Has now 38 flock size (hens 7) • In village avg flock size increased from 12 -15 to 25-35 • Regular paid vaccination

15. Two more enterprises in korukonda block • Irma Sodi from Orkelguda • Rama Madkami from Chidipally

16. Convergence with ITDA Malkangiri • Supported 4 breed farm unit to tribal farmers • Night shelter for birds to 750 hh • Feed unit to four Self Help Groups in the Breed farm unit

17. THANK YOU