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Bilingualism and Multilingualism

Bilingualism and Multilingualism. By: Grace A. Licudo. bilingualism. a common human condition that makes it possible for an individual to function, at some level, in more than one language. someone who speaks two languages.

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Bilingualism and Multilingualism

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  1. Bilingualism and Multilingualism By: Grace A. Licudo

  2. bilingualism • a common human condition that makes it possible for an individual to function, at some level, in more than one language. • someone who speaks two languages. • one who can, to whatever degree, comprehend or produce written or spoken utterances in more than one language.

  3. How do people become bilingual? • by acquiring two languages at the same time in childhood • by learning a second language sometime after acquiring their first language

  4. Multilingualism • rigidly defined as being native-like in two or more languages. • loosely defined as being less than native-like but still able to communicate in two or more languages.

  5. various types of multilingual competence • For compound bilinguals, words and phrases in different languages are the same concepts. That means that ‘chien’ and ‘dog’ are two words for the same concept for a French-English speaker of this type. These speakers are usually fluent in both languages. • For coordinate bilinguals, words and phrases in the speaker’s mind are all related to their own unique concepts. Thus a bilingual speaker of this type has different associations for ‘chien’ and for ‘dog’. In these individuals, one language, usually the first language, is more dominant than the other, and the first language may be used to think through the second language. These speakers are known to use very different intonation and pronunciation features, and sometimes to assert the feeling of having different personalities attached to each of their languages. a) subordinate bilinguals, beginning second language learners.

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