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Energy Efficiency of Cars

By: Kristina Pesce and Olivia Stephens 2 nd period. Energy Efficiency of Cars. http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/atv.shtml. Integrated Starter/Generator(ISG). http://us1.webpublications.com.au/static/images/articles/i544/54436_00mg.jpg. Diesel Engines.

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Energy Efficiency of Cars

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  1. By: Kristina Pesce and Olivia Stephens 2nd period Energy Efficiency of Cars

  2. http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/atv.shtml

  3. Integrated Starter/Generator(ISG) http://us1.webpublications.com.au/static/images/articles/i544/54436_00mg.jpg

  4. Diesel Engines http://firstchoiceautomotives.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/images/used_car-engine.189130553.jpg

  5. Variable Valve Timing and Lift http://takemebeyondthehorizon.files.wordpress.com/2009/12/vtec.gif

  6. Direct Fuel Injection http://www.blogcdn.com/www.autoblog.com/media/2008/01/ecoboost_05_opt.jpg

  7. Cylinder Deactivation http://image.popularhotrodding.com/f/8609642/0405phr_gmdod_07_z.jpg

  8. Turbo Charging http://www.btnturbo.com/images/pic_turboworks2.jpg

  9. Power Steering Pump http://hdabob.com/Steering.jpg

  10. Continuously Variable Transmission(CVT) http://www.mitsubishi-motors.com/corporate/about_us/technology/environment/e/images/cvt_list01.gif

  11. Automated Manual Transmission(AMT) http://www.blogcdn.com/www.autoblog.com/media/2006/06/Automated_Manual_Gear_Chnage_small.jpg

  12. Improvements to tire tread, tire belts, and shoulder design http://tirerama.com/img/tires_home.jpg

  13. Smoothed Shaped Vehicles http://www.arisedirectory.com/templates/Arise/images/shopping/autos/car.jpg

  14. Using lighter weight technologies and materials when building cars http://www.h4x3d.com/feat/themes/feather.jpg

  15. The Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFÉ) • Regulations initiated by Congress in 1975 • Intended to improve the average fuel economy of cars and light trucks • It is the mpg of cars and light trucks that don’t go over 8,500 pounds • The standard for passenger cars is 27.5 mpg and the standard for SUVs and light trucks is 22.2 mpg • In 2011 the standard will change to include larger vehicles • When first enacted the fuel economy dramatically increased then quickly declined back down again but as of recently it has started to slowly improve once more • The standards have not changed since the 1980s

  16. Electric Cars • An electric motor is used in place of a gas powered engine. The motor is in turn powered by a controller which draws its energy from rechargeable, electric batteries. • Cut pollution emissions up to 50% compared to gasoline powered cars • Most argue that they use energy more efficiently • One con is that when electric cars crash the batteries can get wired, a risk that some consider heavier than the benefits • Require a long time to recharge and there are few places beside home where cars can be charged • Can have high repair cost • Are quieter than other cars

  17. http://www.circuitstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/comparison-gasoline-and-electric-car.gifhttp://www.circuitstoday.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/01/comparison-gasoline-and-electric-car.gif

  18. Hybrid Cars • Most feature ISGs • Cut emission rates by up to 35% • One con is there is not an efficient/safe way to dispose of the batteries and motors • The metal materials used in the batteries and motors are rare and can cause environmental degradation to access • There are government tax breaks if you buy a hybrid • They run half and half on energy from electric and gas • Typical 8 year warranty for the vehicle system • Tend to be more costly than average gasoline powered cars • Quieter than average cars • Save more money on gas • Factories creating hybrid cars can create as • much or more pollution as factories creating • gasoline powered cars • Gas engine can help recharge electric battery • while driving and if needed can switch over

  19. Plug-In Hybrid Cars • Runs on gasoline and electricity like regular hybrid cars but has specific modifications: • Larger battery packs which can be recharged using common household electricity • Can drive very long distances without using any gasoline at all • Can run on biofuel which helps reduce its use of gas • It is not possible for an individual consumer to buy one but they are in the testing stage

  20. Wal-Mart Trucks Going Green http://bioage.typepad.com/.shared/image.html?/photos/uncategorized/walmart.png

  21. Wal-Mart Continued • Will save $52 billion per year in fuel costs • Already has more than 100 hybrids in operation • 7,200 trucks already 15% fuel efficient • Keeps driver warm without keeping the engine on • Trucks now average about 7 mpg with 80,000 pound load • Promises to double fuel efficiency of trucks from 6.5 to 13 mpgs by 2015 • The changes help to keep 26 billion pounds of carbon dioxide out of the air by 2020 http://www.greencarcongress.com/2005/12/walmart_seeks_t.html

  22. Nissan Leaf • First affordable car that claims to have 0 emissions and is 100% electric • Due to be released by the end of this year • It runs on laminated compact lithium-ion batteries • It can seat up to 5 adults and has a 100 mile range • 80% of its battery can be charged in as little as 30 minutes • Has LED headlights that only consume 10% power of that of traditional lamps • It claims to get 367 miles a gallon http://www.hybridcars.com/vehicle/nissan-leaf.html

  23. Chevrolet Volt • It has a 40 mile range • It is going to be launched in November of this year • It can run efficiently without being plugged in for days but gets top performance when charged everyday • Takes 8 hours to fully charge when using a normal outlet • Can charge in as little as 3 hours when a 240v outlet is used http://www.chevrolet.com/pages/open/default/future/volt.do

  24. http://assets.nydailynews.com/img/2008/03/11/alg_smart-cars.jpghttp://assets.nydailynews.com/img/2008/03/11/alg_smart-cars.jpg

  25. http://www.pluginamerica.org/vehicles/ http://www.bmwblog.com/wp-content/uploads/mazda_6_3.jpg

  26. http://www.pluginamerica.org/vehicles/ http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://blstb.msn.com/i/F7/DC8B6A846FAD59E3D47553ABC3.jpg&imgrefurl=http://autos.ca.msn.com/news/canadian-press-automotive-news/article.aspx%3Fcp-documentid%3D23204632&usg=__lLwYjg80G9kDzjII3dHiU7U4YQc=&h=201&w=300&sz=23&hl=en&start=26&um=1&itbs=1&tbnid=qlVSAMoym12oOM:&tbnh=78&tbnw=116&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dorange%2BChrysler%2Bsports%2Bcar%26start%3D18%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Dactive%26sa%3DN%26ndsp%3D18%26tbs%3Disch:1

  27. http://www.pluginamerica.org/vehicles/ http://www.sedonadreammaker.com/images/jeeps2.jpg

  28. http://www.pluginamerica.org/vehicles/ http://www.orford.tased.edu.au/dirtbi1.jpg

  29. http://www.pluginamerica.org/vehicles/ http://www.propanevision.com/TFieldTrip/html/blank%20version/images/Lower%20Res.jpg

  30. http://www.pluginamerica.org/vehicles http://www.carpicturesgallery.com/car-pictures/mini-cooper.jpg

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