What you are up against…

1. AP Government Review SessionsSession 3: Sat. April 26 (1:30 PM- HHS Library)Session 4: Sat. May 3 (9:30 AM- Freshman Center Lecture HallFollow @heymisterfitz for updates#FitzAPGovwww.misterfitz.netIf you miss a session, you can stream the audio at the above link as well as grab tons of review sources

2. What you are up against…

3. Some tips… • Multiple Choice: • Read each question carefully. Don’t fall for the distractors • Bubble as you go! • FRQS: • Define, Identify and Explain • Give examples even if not asked • No intro, thesis or conclusion • If it asks you to choose TWO of the following, choose ALL THREE for insurance • Demarcate your FRQs (A, B, C and so forth) this makes the reader happy • Answer the questions in the order you know them

4. Constitution Interest Groups and Policy-making Civil Liberties and Civil Rights Bureaucracy Federalism Congress Public Opinion & Political Participation The “Big XII” Judiciary Political Parties Presidency Campaigns and Elections Media

5. Question #1 Congress and the Bureaucracy

6. Question #2 Congress, Political Participation and Civil Rights

7. Question #3 Judicial, legislative and executive branches

8. Question #4 Elections, media, interest groups

18. I. Constitution (5-15%) • Locke and natural rights • Shays • “Miracle at Philadelphia” • Factions and Federalist 10 • Madisonian Model • Tyranny of the majority • Great compromise • Ratification debates • Necessary and Proper clause (“elastic”) • Commerce Clause • 10th Amendment • Theories of democratic gov’t: • Pluralism • Hyper pluralism • Elite theory

19. II. Federalism (5-15%) • Dual federalism • Fiscal federalism • Supremacy clause • Block grants • Categorical grants • Grants-in-aid • Gibbons v. Ogden (1823) • U.S. v. Lopez (1995) • Mandates • ADA (1990) • McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) • Devolution (New federalism) • Welfare Reform Act (1996) • “Laboratories of Democracy” • Inequality?

23. III. Civil Liberties and Civil Rights (5-15%) MUST KNOW Civil Lib cases: • 14th Amendment • Equal protection clause • Due process clause • Incorporation Doctrine (Selective) • Free exercise vs. establishment clause • Schenck v. U.S. (1919) • Gitlow v. New York (1925) • Near v. Minnesota (1935) • Miller v. California (1973) • Texas v. Johnson (1989) • New York Times v. U.S. (1971) • Engel v. Vitale (1962) • Lemon v. Kurzman (1971) • Mapp v. Ohio (1961) • Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) • Miranda v. Arizona (1966) • Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) • Roe v. Wade (1973)

24. “2nd Tier Cases” LESS likely to appear • Oregon v. Smith (1990) • Reynolds v. U.S. (1878) • Wisconsin v. Yoder (1972) • Gregg v. Georgia (1976) • New York Times v. Sullivan (1964) • Tinker v. Des Moines (1969)

25. III. Civil Liberties and Civil Rights (5-15%) Key Civil Rights Cases Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) Korematsu v. U.S. (1944) Brown v. Board (1954) Baker v. Carr (1963) Wesberry v. Sanders (1964) Craig v. Boren (1976) UC Davis v. Bakke (1979) 14th Amendment • Discrimination- • Strict scrutiny • Intermediate scrutiny • Rational basis

31. IV. Public Opinion & Political Participation5-15% • Political socialization • Role of family • Role of Education • Political efficacy • Equality of opportunity vs. results • Mistrust of government • Polls and Random Digit Dialing (RDD) • Reapportionment • Sunbelt • Forms of political participation • Unconventional forms of participation • (think time energy and knowledge)

32. IV. Public Opinion & Political Participation(5-15%) • Who votes and for whom? • Blacks? Hispanics? Jews? Catholics? Evangelicals Progressives? Conservatives?

33. IV. Public Opinion & Political Participation(5-15%) Geographically… • Rural? Urban? Northeast? Rustbelt? Sunbelt? South?

34. IV. Public Opinion & Political Participation5-15% • Suffrage Amendments • 15th, 17th,19th, 24th, 26th • Open vs. Closed primaries • Blanket primaries • Voter fatigue • Straight ticket voting • Motor Voter Law (1993)

38. V. Political Parties(5-15%) • Linkage institutions • Party-in-the-electorate • Party-in-government • Party as an organization • Party realignment • Critical elections • 1828, 1860, 1896, 1932, 1968 • Gerrymandering • Role of third parties

39. US THEM (Europe) • Promotes stability • Nearly impossible for 3rd parties to break-in

40. VI. Campaigns and Elections (5-15%)

42. VI. Campaigns and Elections(5-15%) • Primary vs. general elections • “Money, momentum and media” • “Die-hard Diane” vs. “Donnie Don’t-Care” • Caucus • Direct primaries • Role of the convention • Gender gap VS.

43. PRIMARY VOTERS

44. GENERAL ELECTION VOTERS

46. VI. Campaigns and Elections(5-15%) • Super Tuesday • Frontloading • McGovern-Fraser Commission • Superdelegates • PACS • FECA (1974) • FEC • Matching funds • BCRA (2002) • Hard $ • Soft $ • 527 groups • Buckley v. Valeo (1976) • Citizens United v. FEC (2010)

48. VII. Media (5-15%) • Functions: • Gatekeeper • Watchdog • Scorekeeper • Trial balloons • Scripted events • Paid media vs. free media • Broadcasting vs. narrowcasting • Selective attention • Horse-race journalism • Agenda-setting • Soundbites • Role of Vietnam and Watergate

49. 4-26-2014 • As you’re waiting start working through the released questions embedded in your handout

50. AP Government Review SessionsSession 3: Sat. April 26 (1:30 PM- HHS Library)Session 4: Sat. May 3 (9:30 AM- Freshman Center Lecture HallFollow @heymisterfitz for updates#FitzAPGovwww.misterfitz.netIf you miss a session, you can stream the audio at the above link as well as grab tons of review sources