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IMPROVING LUCF GHG INVENTORY and the FAO FRA: the Philippine Case

IMPROVING LUCF GHG INVENTORY and the FAO FRA: the Philippine Case. Rodel D. Lasco Environmental Forestry Programme University of the Philippines. Introduction. evolution of GHG inventory in the LUCF sector in the Philippines research efforts in improving GHG inventory in LUCF

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IMPROVING LUCF GHG INVENTORY and the FAO FRA: the Philippine Case

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  1. IMPROVING LUCF GHG INVENTORY and the FAO FRA: the Philippine Case Rodel D. Lasco Environmental Forestry Programme University of the Philippines

  2. Introduction • evolution of GHG inventory in the LUCF sector in the Philippines • research efforts in improving GHG inventory in LUCF • The role of the FAO FRA project

  3. 2 THE IPCC GUIDELINES FOR LUCF I. Changes in forest and woody biomass • DATA NEEDS: • area of forests • annual growth rate • carbon fraction of dry matter • commercial harvest • fuelwood use • other wood used

  4. II. Forests and grassland conversion • Data Needs • area converted annually • biomass before and after conversion • fraction of biomass burned on site • fraction of biomass oxidized on site • carbon fraction of biomass • fraction left to decay

  5. III. CO2 emissions and uptake by soils • Data Needs: • Soil carbon • Land area • Base factor • Tillage factor • Input factors • Annual C loss rate • Total annual lime

  6. Relationship among IPCC module categories Worksheet 5-3 Worksheet 5-5 Worksheet 5-2 Worksheet 5-6 Worksheet 5-4

  7. 3 EVOLUTION OF GHG INVENTORY IN THE PHILIPPINE LUCF SECTOR In Gg CO2 equivalent

  8. Table 4 Annual aboveground biomass uptake used in the Philippine national GHG inventory (from Francisco, 1997) Land Type Annual Biomass Increment (Mg/ha/yr) Source/Comment Dipterocarp Old growth Residual 0 10 IPCC (1996) Pine Close Open 11.5 5.8 IPCC (1996) Half of closed pine forest Submarginal 3.2 Expert’s judgment Mossy 1.0 Expert’s judgment Mangrove 3.0 Expert’s judgment Brushland 1.0 Expert’s judgment Forest plantations < 25 years old 26-30 years old 31-40 years old 4 3 2 Expert’s judgment Expert’s judgment Expert’s judgment Non-forest Trees Coconut Fruit trees Rubber Coffee/cacao 3 2 4 2 Expert’s judgment Expert’s judgment Expert’s judgment Expert’s judgment

  9. GHG Inventory Source of data 1990 Inventory (US countries Studies program) Land area: FMB statistics Biomass/Carbon stocks/change: Expert’s judgment; literature 1990 Inventory (ALGAS) Land area: FMB statistics Biomass/Carbon stocks/change: Expert’s judgment; literature 1994 Inventory (1999 Philippines’ National Communication) Land area: FMB statistics Biomass/carbon stocks/change: Philippine data from Lasco and Pulhin (2000a) Main sources of key activity data for the LUCF sector

  10. 4 Research Efforts to Improve GHG Inventory • LUCF research intensified in the last few years • Through Environmental Forestry Programme

  11. 189 (48%) Total C density= 393 t/ha 2.3 (0.6%) 1.2 (0.3%) 4.8 (1.2%) Roots = 4.3 (1.1%) SOC= 191 (49%) Fig. 1 Carbon density (t/ha) of natural forests in Leyte, Philippines

  12. Source Mtons CO2 or CO2 equivalent 1994 Inventory (Philippine NC, 1999) 1997-98 Inventory (Lasco 2001) Biomass growth -111 -222 Harvests 42 31 On site and off site burning 36 25 Decay 33 23 Net Absorption <1 (0.126) -142 Table 6 Comparison of results between the 1994 inventory and latest inventory

  13. FAO FRA in the Philippines • Objective: to develop capacities of forest institutions to design, plan, implement forest inventory projects and manage information • Using systematic inventory sampling design • 82 1 x 1km field observation sites (FOS) • Eventually: 395 FOS nationwide • four 20 x 250m plots per FOS • Bio-physical and socio-economic variables will be collected • Tree diameter, height; biodiversity; soil samples

  14. Potential Synergy with GHG Inventory • FRA could provide key activity data: area of forest types • With minimal cost: above-ground and below ground carbon can be measured

  15. FRA data

  16. FRA: Potential CDM Application • The Philippines has received proposals for LUCF projects • FRA could provide data on: • Suitable areas • Potential carbon benefits

  17. An Example: Mitigation Potential • OGF Dipterocarp forests will be protected for biodiversity • Rehabilitate open grassland areas and degraded brushland areas by reforestation/afforestation and natural regeneration • Main determinant for additional areas under mitigation is the demand for wood products High Scenario • correspond on 25-year Master Plan • aggressive tree planting program (100-150,000 ha/yr) Low Scenario • 50% of high scenario

  18. Concluding Remarks • Large uncertainty remains on LUCF GHG inventory • Much progress has been done in the last few years but much remains to be done • The FAO FRA presents a great opportunity to improve GHG inventory dramatically • a nationwide systematic sampling design • Carbon measurements can be incorporated • Results may also be useful for CDM

  19. 2002-??? FAO FRA 2000-2002: Systematic plots 1998-1999: Small plots 1997: Default values

  20. “People always talk about the weather, but nobody actually does anything about it.” Mark Twain Thank you!!!

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