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SOCIAL CHANGE

SOCIAL CHANGE. What is Social Change?. Changes in the way society is organized, and the beliefs and practices of the people who believe in it All societies are involved in a process of social change, however this change may be so subtle and slow that society is hardly aware of it

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SOCIAL CHANGE

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  1. SOCIAL CHANGE

  2. What is Social Change? • Changes in the way society is organized, and the beliefs and practices of the people who believe in it • All societies are involved in a process of social change, however this change may be so subtle and slow that society is hardly aware of it • Example –the development of housing in Mississauga

  3. Aspects of Social Change • The opposite of social change is social continuity • Social continuity is not the absence of change because change is always happening • Social continuity means that there are structures within society which are built to resist change • Example -

  4. Natural Forces of Social Change GEOGRAPHY • This is when the natural lay of the land has affected the way societies have developed • Things like bodies of water, mountains, inlets, flat lands all affect the way a society develops • Geography can also prevent social change • Natural disasters can also drastically change a society (floods, earthquakes, volcanoes)

  5. Examples: • China’s geographical layout forced the nation to develop a large scale irrigation system which required a strong centralized government • North American coasts have small inlets which led to the development of small, separate colonies, able to be independent of each other

  6. External Events Definition • External events are events that have occurred on a large scale affecting an entire nation or several nations • These events have a large and immediate impact on social change

  7. Examples: Any civil or world wars • American Civil War –abolished slavery • WWII –forced women into the workforce and they never returned home • September 11/2001 –a change of thought regarding national threat and security SOCIAL REVOLUTIONS

  8. Technology • Technology has strongly affected the way societies are designed and how they keep changing • People receive their information more quickly now, can communicate in different ways • Technology also affects architecture and the development of land

  9. Examples: • The Plow • The Train • The Wheel • The Car • The Internet • Computers

  10. CAUSES OF SOCIAL CHANGE • Culture and Change: There are three main sources of cultural change. • The first source is invention. Inventions produce new products, ideas, and social patterns. The invention of rocket propulsion led to space travel, which in the future may lead to inhabitation of other planets. • The second source is discovery. Discovery is finding something that has never been found before, or finding something new in something that already exists. • The third source is diffusion. Diffusion is the spreading of ideas and objects to other societies. This would involve trading, migration, and mass communication.

  11. Conflict and Change • Another reason social change happens is due to tension and conflict. Karl Marx thought that especially class conflict sparked change. He was right, but race and gender are also causes of conflict. For example, diversity at schools.

  12. Ideas and Change • Max Weber thought that the expression of ideas by charismatic individuals could change the world. For example, Martin Luther King, Nelson Mandela, Mohandas Gandhi, Adolf Hitler.

  13. Demographic Change • Change occurs from an increase in the population. Compared to the Netherlands and Tokyo the United States has an abundance of physical space. The United States was affected by migration the late 1800's to early 1900's. When masses of people came to America, farm communities started to decline and cities expanded.

  14. Social Movements and Change • Change can also occur from people joining together for a common cause. This is called a social movement. • Social movements are classified according to the kind of change they are seeking. For example, Civil Rights Movement, Women’s Rights Movement, Planned Parenthood Movement etc.

  15. Complete the “Identifying Social Change Chart”

  16. Identifying Social Change Forces of Change Definition Example

  17. Forces of Change Definition Example

  18. Forces of Change Definition Example

  19. Alienation • Durkheim coined the word”anomie”to describe the conditions of the factory workers who had no roots norms as they struggled in their lives • Marx took this term and expanded it mean anyone who does not share the major values of society and feels like an outsider • Alienation can create anarchists –people who act violently against society because they were alienated • For Example: • Columbine shootings • Theodore Kaczynski, also known as the Unabomber the American terrorist who attempted to fight against what he perceived as the evils of technological progress by sending mail bombs to various people

  20. Conformity • Conformity is the act of maintaining a certain degree of similarity (in clothing, manners, behaviours, etc.) to those in your general social circles, to those in authority, or to the general status quo. • Usually, conformity implies a tendency to submit to others in thought and behaviour other than simply clothing choice.

  21. Conformity • Informational influence–is the human desire to accept information that another admired person tells us is valid • Normative influence–is the pressure to conform to the to the positive expectations of others

  22. Affecting Social Change Alienation • Has both positive and negative effects • It can create reformers or people who create outstanding ideas • Or people who are angry about being outcasts and express their frustration violently Conformity • Conforming to others tends stifle social change because everyone is behaving the same • Pressure to conform can result in negative behaviours such as increased racism, bullying, sexism

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