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10: General Pharmacology

10: General Pharmacology. General Pharmacology. You will be responsible for administering certain drugs. You will be responsible for assisting patients to self-administer other drugs. Not understanding how medications work places you and the patient in danger.

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10: General Pharmacology

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  1. 10: General Pharmacology

  2. General Pharmacology • You will be responsible for administering certain drugs. • You will be responsible for assisting patients to self-administer other drugs. • Not understanding how medications work places you and the patient in danger.

  3. Pharmacology Definitions (1 of 2) • Pharmacology • The science of drugs, including their ingredients, preparation, uses and actions on the body • Dose • Amount of medication given • Action • Therapeutic effects expected on the body

  4. Pharmacology Definitions (2 of 2) • Indications • Therapeutic uses for a particular drug • Contraindications • Conditions in which a medication should not be given • Side effects • Actions of a drug other than the desired ones

  5. Trade name Brand name given by manufacturer Generic name Original chemical name Prescription drugs Given by pharmacists according to doctor’s order Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs Available without a prescription Medication Names

  6. Routes of Administration (1 of 3) • Intravenous (IV) injection • Injected directly into the vein • Oral • Taken by mouth; enters body through digestive system • Sublingual • Placed under the tongue; absorbed by mucous membranes

  7. Routes of Administration (2 of 3) • Intramuscular (IM) injection • Injection into the muscle • Intraosseous (IO) • Injection into the bone marrow • Subcutaneous (SC) injection • Injection into tissue between skin and muscle

  8. Routes of Administration (3 of 3) • Transcutaneous • Medications absorbed through the skin • Inhalation • Medications inhaled into the lungs • Per rectum (PR) • Administration by rectum

  9. Tablets Materials mixed with medication and compressed under pressure Capsules Gelatin shells filled with powdered or liquid medication Dosage Forms (1 of 4)

  10. Dosage Forms (2 of 4) • Solutions • Liquid mixture of one or more substances • Suspensions • Mixture of fine particles distributed throughout a liquid by shaking

  11. Dosage Forms (3 of 4) • Metered-dose inhaler • Miniature spray canister, used to direct medication through the mouth into the lungs • Topical medications • Lotions, creams, and ointments applied to skin

  12. Dosage Forms (4 of 4) • Transcutaneous medications • Designed to be absorbed through the skin • Gels • Semi-liquid substances administered orally • Gases for inhalation • Oxygen

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