1 / 16

Chapter 9 Fluids

Academic and Conceptual Physics Spring 2014. Chapter 9 Fluids. Nature of Matter. All substances are composed of atoms. Atoms are mostly empty space. The mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus. Properties of Fluids.

axelle
Download Presentation

Chapter 9 Fluids

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Academic and Conceptual Physics Spring 2014 Chapter 9 Fluids

  2. Nature of Matter • All substances are composed of atoms. • Atoms are mostly empty space. • The mass of the atom is concentrated in the nucleus.

  3. Properties of Fluids • Fluids are materials that can flow – they have no definite shape – Liquids and Gases • Density is the mass to volume ratio of a fluid. • ρ = m/V where ρ is density, m is mass and V is volume. Units of ρ are kg/m3

  4. Fluid Density • Solids and Liquids are generally incompressible. • Their densities are nearly constant regardless of pressure.

  5. Fluid Density • Gases are compressible and their densities vary with pressure. • Boyle’s Law Lab

  6. Fluid Temperature • Kinetic theory predicts that temperature is proportional to the average kinetic energy of particles in a gas. • Increasing the temperature of a fluid increases the speed of particles.

  7. The Ideal Gas • The Ideal Gas Law relates the macroscopic properties of Pressure, Temperature and Volume. • If the number of particles of gas are constant, P1V1/T1 = P2V2/T2 where P is pressure, V is volume and T is temperature in Kelvin. (K = C + 273)

  8. Archimedes’ Principle • Any object completely or partially submerged in a fluid experiences an upward buoyant force (FΒ) equal in magnitude to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object.

  9. For a submerged object, FΒ < Fg • For a floating object, FΒ = Fg

  10. Buoyant Force • The apparent weight of the object depends on the objects density. • Fg (object)/FB = ρ0/ρf where the FBis the weight of the displaced fluid. (Archimedes Lab)

  11. Pascal’s Principle • Pressure applied to a fluid in a closed container is transmitted equally to every point of the fluid and to the walls of the container. • F1/A1=F2/A2where F is Force in N and A is the area in m2.

  12. Pascal’s Principle

  13. Fluid Pressure and Depth • The fluid pressure increases with depth. • P = Po+ ρgh Where P is the absolute pressure and p0 is atmospheric pressure.

  14. Fluids in Motion • The Continuity Equation • A1v1 = A2v2 where A is the area and v is the speed. • Water pressure on the right is less than on the left.

  15. Bernoulli’s Principle • The pressure in a fluid decreases as the fluid’s velocity increases.

  16. Bernoulli’s Principle ISS Demonstrations

More Related