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Stray dogs and rabies in Bangkok, Thailand

Stray dogs and rabies in Bangkok, Thailand. Songsri Kasempimolporn Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Bangkok, Thailand. Estimated dog population and vaccine coverage in Bangkok, Thailand Data were compiled by The Bangkok Metropolitan Administration and the Bureau of National Statistics.

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Stray dogs and rabies in Bangkok, Thailand

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  1. Stray dogs and rabies in Bangkok, Thailand Songsri Kasempimolporn Queen Saovabha Memorial Institute, Bangkok, Thailand

  2. Estimateddog population and vaccine coverage in Bangkok, ThailandData were compiled by The Bangkok Metropolitan Administration and the Bureau of National Statistics Dog population 1992 1999 2006 House dogs 358,936523,230823,504 No. vaccinated 240,786 452,034753,478 (67%) (86%) (91%) Stray dogs 40,019110,584? No.vaccinated ?? ?? ??

  3. Human deathsfrom rabies, 1997-2006

  4. Sources of rabies transmitted to man, 2002-2005 Not recorded 9% Not recorded 7% Mongoose5% Dog 93% Dog 81% Rabbit 5% 2002 2003 Not recorded 5% Not recorded 20% Dog 70% Monkey 5% Dog 95% Cat 5% 2004 2005

  5. Study ofmolecular epidemiology of rabies virus that is prevalent among dogs in Bangkok A B Rabies virus N gene was digested with enzyme DdeI or HinfI

  6. (D4,D110) (D38) (D76) Canine rabiesvirus M I II III Hf Type I: DdI-HfI Type II: DdII-HfII Type III: DdIII-HfI Type IV: DdIV-HfI Type V: DdIV-HfIII

  7. Dog Cat

  8. Stray dogs in Bangkok, Thailand: Rabies virus infection and rabies antibody prevalence

  9. Saliva sample collection was done with a total of 3,314 dogs seen for surgical sterilization during 12/2003-6/2004

  10. Detection of rabies virus in dog saliva • Screening test: The latex agglutination test (Kasempimolporn et al. J Clin Microbiol 2000;38:3098-99) • Confirmatory test: RT-PCR with nested primers

  11. Blood sample collection

  12. Determination of rabies antibody in dog serum • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) - A minimum value of 0.5 IU/ml of neutralizing antibodies should be attained to demonstrate seroconversion in humans, and we used the same for the dogs. - An estimated true prevalence of antibodies among stray dogs was calculated using the Rogan-Gladen-estimator and the confidence interval (CI) was set at 95% (Grenier and Gardner, Prev Vet Med 2000;45:43-59)

  13. Latex agglutination test

  14. DNA Ladder 100bp + ve Control - ve Control Dog saliva 524 bp Detection of rabies virus RNAin saliva specimen byRT-PCR The prevalence of rabies virus infection among stray dogs investigated was 0.03% (1 of 3,314)

  15. Seroprevalence of rabies antibodies among stray dogs, based on an ELISA cut-off level of 0.5 EU/ml Central BangkokBangkok’s outskirts No. tested No. positive Adjusted seroprevalenceNo. teested No. positive Adjusted seroprevalence % 95% CI % 95%CI 1,208 887 86 76-96 2,106 933 49 41-57 The overall seroprevalence of rabies antibody among stray dogs in Bangkok was 62% (95%CI 54-70%)

  16. Map of Bangkok depicting the 50 districts. Shaded surface areas represent the districts in which the antibody seroprevalence among stray dogs reached 70%

  17. Conclusions • Rabies infection is still prevalent in Bangkok • Low vaccination coverage and ineffective management of stray dogs are the most likely reasons for the dog rabies elimination program’s lack of success

  18. Thank you

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