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1. North America Canada
The United States
2. North America Map
3. Background Preparation “Home”
Earliest Americans
Lady Liberty
American identity
4. Canada Site 1: Cape Breton Fiddling
5. Arrival: Canada First Nations
The French
Nova Scotia
6. Site 1: Cape Breton Fiddling First Impressions
Celtic clogging
Aural Analysis
Fiddle carries melody
Piano and guitarprovide harmony
Steady “compound” meter
7. Cultural Considerations Cape Breton
Scottish connection
Gaelic song and dance
8. The United States Site 2: Ballads
Site 3: Lined Hymn
Site 4: Shape-note Song
Site 5: Bluegrass
Site 6: Spiritual
Site 7: Gospel
9. Arrival: The United States Southern Appalachia
The “Deep” South
Native Americans
10. Site 2: Ballads First Impressions
A front porch lullaby
Aural Analysis
Tells a story
Death, danger,and depression
Unaccompanied vocal solo
11. Cultural Considerations British origins
Ballad hunting
Cecil Sharp (1859-1924)
Ballad influence today
12. Site 3: Lined Hymn First Impressions
Recitation and a “sonic smudge”
Aural Analysis
Moderator “lines out” the hymn
Congregation repeats verse
Obscure melody and meter
13. Cultural Considerations John Calvin (1509-1564)
Scottish psalm singing
Old Regular Baptists
14. Site 4: Shape-note Song First Impressions
Strident singing witha steady beat
Aural Analysis
Nasal timbre,no instruments
Solfege, then verse
Harmony - “Fuging tune”
15. Cultural Considerations “Old Way” versus “Regular Singing”
Singing Schools
Shape Notes
The Sacred Harp
All-day “Sings”
16. Site 5: Bluegrass First Impressions
“High Lonesome Sound”
Aural Analysis
High tenor harmony
Acoustic string band
Instrumental solo breaks
17. Cultural Considerations Urban “hillbilly” music
Bill Monroe and the Bluegrass Boys
Folk festivals
18. Site 6: African-American Spiritual First Impressions
Congregational church song
Aural Analysis
“Freer” rhythm
“Moaning”
Repetition of melody and lyrics
19. Cultural Considerations Hopeful texts
Old Testament inspiration
Double meanings
Underground Railroad
Harriet “Moses” Tubman(1820-1913)
20. Site 7: African-American Gospel First Impressions
“Joyous” church choir
Aural Analysis
Electric organ, etc.
Vibrant rhythm
Major key
Memorable lyricsand melody
21. Cultural Considerations “Get Happy” texts
New Testament inspiration
Gospel styles
Popular influence
22. Site 8: Country Blues First Impressions
Emotionally raw music
Aural Analysis
“Troubled life” lyrics
Guitar “conversation”
12-bar blues
“Blue” notes
23. Cultural Considerations Blues roots
Juke joints & “Cuttin’ Heads”
Race records
City blues
24. Site 9: Conjunto First Impressions
“Spanish” polka
Aural Analysis
Button-box & bajo sexto
“Snappy” staccato sound
Serenading singing
25. Cultural Considerations Norteńo dance bands
Narciso Martínez (1911-1992)
Tejano music
26. Site 10: Cajun Music First Impressions
“French” polka
Aural Analysis
Button box, fiddleand triangle
Simple melody
Two-step rhythm
27. Cultural Considerations Acadians and Creoles
Bals de maisonand the Do-do
Zydeco
Washboard
28. Arrival: Native American Reservations Native American cultural regions
Reservations in many US states, also Canada
Music for religion, remembrance and recognition
29. Site 11: Plains Chippewa Song First Impressions
“Warbling” voices with “heartbeat” drum
Aural Analysis
Unison pulse singing
Cascadingmelodic contour
Vocables
“Mother Earth” drum
30. Cultural Considerations Powwow
Casinosand contests
Regalia
31. Site 12: Native American Flute First Impressions
Sound of the “wind”
Aural Analysis
End-blown wooden flute
“Distant” timbre
Clear melodic phrases
No clear meter
32. Cultural Considerations Courting rituals and storytelling
New Age movement
Flute circles