清洁 柴油车与汽油车 技术的改进

1. 30 清洁柴油论证 | Clean Diesel Arguments | 1 Economical节能 清洁柴油车与汽油车技术的改进 Evolution in Clean Diesel & Gasoline Technology • 柴油发动机和汽油发动机的燃料消耗都在不断下降。本页介绍两种动力传动系统的不同改进阶段。这是了解本文后续所有技术对比的基础。 • 所有动力传动系统型号的基本车辆的净重为 1,400 kg，手动变速发动机功率为100 kW (混合动力：自动变速)。耗油量根据 NEDC (新欧洲行驶循环测试，简称NEDC) Euro 6 (G0/D0: Euro 5) 测定应用的技术包括： • 具有排量降低、可变气门正时 (VVT)技术的涡轮增压 (T/C) • 最大潜力 (具有排量降低、变速箱优化) • 启动/停止 (具有回收、热管理 (ThM)、 按需供油 (Decos) ) • 启动/停止 (具有回收、燃烧优化) • 电池1 kWh，25 kW • ThM、自动降速、小型化、涡轮增压优化 • CO2优化 • 2阶段可变阀升程 (VVL)、自动降速、小型化 • oCCS =优化燃烧工艺 G0 D0 G1 D1 D2 D3 G2 • Fuel consumption of diesel and gasoline engines is continuously decreasing. This page shows various development stages for both drivetrains. These are the basis for all further comparisons in this book. • The basic vehicle for all drivetrain variants has a net weight of 1,400 kg and 100 kW engine power with manual transmission (hybrid: automatic transmission). Fuel consumption is established according to the NEDC (New European Driving Cycle), Euro 6 (G0/D0: Euro 5) The following technologies are applied: • Turbocharging (T/C) with downsizing, variable valve timing (VVT) • Max. potential w/ downsizing, transmission optimization • Start/Stop w/ recuperation, thermo management (ThM), demand controlled fuel supply (Decos) • Start/Stop w/ recuperation, combustion optimization • Battery 1 kWh, 25 kW • ThM, downspeeding, downsizing, T/C optimization • CO2 optimization • Variable valve lift (VVL) in 2 steps, downspeeding, downsizing • oCCS = optimized combustion process D3H G2H 柴油车与汽油车技术在将来会进一步改进Gasoline and Diesel technology will improve further in future

2. 30 2 | 清洁柴油论证 | Clean Diesel Arguments Economical节能 汽油车改进组G1详情 Details of Gasoline Evolution Package G1 汽油发动机的第一改进组使耗油量减少 22% 左右 (与基准发动机相比) 。图中百分比数据显示了各个方案对减少油耗的作用。这些数字均为大约值。9%：发动机排量从2.0升降至1.4升， 结合涡轮增压 4%：可变气门正时 3%：热管理和按需供油 4%：启动/停止系统 ( 采用制动能量再生技术)2%：汽油直喷 标有红色边框的方案也可用于具有类似油耗节省效果的清洁柴油发动机。 热管理、Decos Thermo management, Decos 可变气门正时 Variable valve timing G1 4% 3% 启动/停止 (采用回收技术)Start/Stop with recuperation 耗油量减少 22%左右 Fuel reduction of approximately 22% 4% 9% 2% 汽油直喷 Direct gasoline injection The first evolution package for the gasoline engine leads to a fuel reduction of about 22% (compared with the base engine). The percentage figures in the graph show which measure contributes how much to this reduction. These numbers are, of course, only approximate. 9%: Downsizing from 2.0 to 1.4 liter engine volume, combined with turbocharging4%: Variable valve timing 3%: Thermo management and demand controlled fuel supply
4%: Start/stop system with braking energy regeneration
2%: Direct gasoline injection The measures which are shown in blue can also be applied with Clean Diesel engines with similar fuel-reduction effects. 排量降低、涡轮增压(2.0升降至1.4升) Downsizing, turbocharging (2.0 l to 1.4 l) 所有数据均为大约值 All data is approximately 在未来，清洁柴油发动机将比汽油发动机更能节省燃油 The Clean Diesel will maintain its consumption benefit over gasoline engines in future development stages

3. 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% 30 3 | 清洁柴油论证 | Clean Diesel Arguments Economical节能 柴油车技术与汽油车技术的燃油经济性 Fuel Economy of Diesel & Gasoline Technologies 汽油和柴油发动机在减少油耗方面都有巨大的潜力。图表显示第5页中介绍的不同改进组所能实现的省油量。此处所述的方案最多可使汽油发动机节省39%的燃料 – 从目前的7.7 l/100 km降至 4.7 l/100 km。清洁柴油发动机消耗的燃料比汽油发动机少三分之一。借助所有改进措施，耗油量可以进一步减少 41%，以混合动力驱动为例，耗油量可从目前的5.4 l/100 km降至3.2 l/100 km。这比汽油基准发动机少58%! 蓝柱中的白色数字是柴油发动机与汽油基准发动机的对比值。柱上方的蓝色数字表示相对于目前标准柴油油耗的节省量。 l/100km 7.7 6.0 5.5 4.7 5.4 4.2 3.9 3.6 3.2 降低油耗： 与清洁柴油车组D0对比 Reduction vs. Clean Diesel package D0 -22% -29% -22% -28% -33% -41% -30% -39% -45% -49% -53% -58% 混合 动力 hybrid 混合 动力 hybrid G0 G1 G2 G2H D0 D1 D2 D3 D3H 2.0 l200 Nm 1.4 l210 Nm 1.1 l200 Nm 1.1 l200 + 140 Nm 2.0 l340 Nm 1.6 l340 Nm 1.6 l340 Nm 1.2 l290 Nm 1.2 l290 + 140 Nm 汽油车Gasoline 清洁柴油车 Clean Diesel Gasoline and diesel engines both have high potential for reduced fuel consumption. The graph shows the fuel reduction with the different evolution packages described on page 5. The measures defined there will reduce fuel consumption of gasoline engines by up to 39% – from today’s 7.7 to only 4.7 l/100 km. Clean Diesel engines already consume about one third less than gasoline engines. With all evolutionary measures their fuel consumption can be reduced by a further 41% – from 5.4 l/100 km today to 3.2 l/100 km with hybrid drive. This is 58% less than the gasoline base engine! The white numbers inside the blue columns compare the diesel packages with the gasoline base engine. The blue numbers above the columns indicate the reduction vs. today’s standard diesel. 汽油车组Gasoline packages 柴油车组Diesel packages Gx Dx 有关清洁柴油D0-D3H与汽油组G0-G2H的说明，请参见“清洁柴油与汽油技术的改进”页面 Description of Clean Diesel D0-D3H & gasoline packages G0-G2H please see page “Evolution of Clean Diesel & Gasoline Technology” 即使在未来，清洁柴油车的燃油经济性仍比同类汽油车好 The Clean Diesel will maintain its consumption benefit over gasoline engines in future development stages