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HRS: Heat Reclamation System

HRS: Heat Reclamation System. Aleksey Treskov Evan Lamson Sarita Gautam Wyatt Mohrman Tegan Argo Eamon Mcmillan Faisal Albirdisi. Mission Statement.

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HRS: Heat Reclamation System

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  1. HRS: Heat Reclamation System Aleksey Treskov Evan Lamson Sarita Gautam Wyatt Mohrman Tegan Argo Eamon Mcmillan Faisal Albirdisi

  2. Mission Statement • The objective of our project is to transfer the heat energy created by the internal resistance of computer components into a state where the energy can be recollected in the form of electricity. In addition, we will be able to increase the processing power of the computer. Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  3. Vision • Efficiently dissipate heat from the computer • Capture energy that is lost by the computer • Charge an electronic device using reclaimed energy • Manipulate computer clock speed • Monitor the system functionality using an Android device Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  4. Goals • Low Level • Basic Heat Transfer Pipeline • Constructing the Case • Mid Level • Display monitoring system temperatures, clock rates, and power generation • Control system to maintain best possible temperature difference • Maximize power generated • High Level • Fully automated control of clock speed, flow rates, and power generation. Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  5. Background • Computer cooling is required to remove waste heat from computer components to keep them within permissible temperature limits. • Traditional Method • Combination of heatsinks and fans • Fans are used to cool the heatsinks that take heat away from computer components • Liquid Cooling Method • Water Cooling System • Circulates water through a cooler to absorb heat from the CPU and then to a radiator to be cooled back down • Submerge in Oil • Completely submerge the computers components in a non-conducting liquid to absorb the heat Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  6. Why Mineral Oil ? • Non-conductive. • Specific heat of 1.67 kj/kg°k (1.012 for air) • Thermal conductivity of .133 w/m°k (0.0257 for air). • Easily accessible. • Several industrial applications. Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  7. Why Thermoelectric Generators? • Industry already uses it in waste heat recovery applications • They’ve been around for a while ( not a new technology). • Easy to implement ( You only need a temperature differential). • A way of harnessing thermal energy w/o building a steam engine. Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  8. How?

  9. Desktop PC Computer TEG Power Reclamation Power DC Power Control System User Data Visualization Display System Block Diagram • Control System

  10. µController Pump Control Thermal Sensors Flow Rate Sensor Computer Control Clock Speeds Bluetooth module User data Control System Level 2 Functional Decomposition

  11. Input Thermal sensors Heat Differential Two Diodes to monitor Hot and Cold side Temperatures Operating Maximum Hot side diode and computer built in temperature sensors Flow Rate Sensors Flow Rate Pump Speed Voltage Clock Speeds Current processes Clock Rate Fan Operating Speed User Data Serial input from paired Bluetooth device State Change µController Control System Pump Control Thermal Sensors Flow Rate Sensor Computer Control Clock Speeds Bluetooth module User data Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  12. Output Pump Control Asserts a 0-3.3v PWM signal to vary pump rate Computer Control Outputs serial communication to interact with computer Outputs Control Signal to change Clock Speed Outputs Power On / Off Signal Data Output Temperature readings Successful state changes Current Operating mode µController Control System Pump Control Thermal Sensors Flow Rate Sensor Computer Control Clock Speeds Bluetooth module User data Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  13. Control System • Implementation • To handle the various I/O communication present in our project we have selected to use a µController in conjunction with Bluetooth Module. • µController • Arm Cortex Microcontroller • Capable of capturing and asserting all control related signals • Low Power Operation (Suspended operation) • Familiarity • Bluetooth Module • Blue Tooth Radio (RN-BlueSMiRF) • Android Compatible • Low Cost Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  14. High Risk Components Control System • The Largest Problem associated with our Control system is timing. We are required to capture several input output signals, change states accordingly, while outputting display data. • To solve this problem a second microcontroller may be added to allow parallel polling of various sensors. Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  15. Thermoelectric Generators • Heat is carried by holes in P type, electrons in N type. • Across each junction a small voltage is produced. • Place many of these in series to get useful voltage. • Heat -> DC Volts Tegan Faisal EamonWyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  16. TEG resistance varies with temperature • Typically between 1.8 to 3.3 ohms per TEG module. • Problem with using semiconductors is the internal resistance. Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  17. Maximum power transfer theorem • In order to get the most power from the TEGs we must match the load resistance to the TEG internal resistance. Tegan Faisal EamonWyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  18. Basic Energy Harvesting MPP • MPP converter matches our load impedance (battery for example) to TEG internal resistance over different temperature ranges. Tegan Faisal EamonWyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  19. Duty cycle controlled MPP • The load voltage (and resistance) is transformed with the MPPT according to the duty cycle. When a duty cycle is chosen such that the load resistance equals the TEGs internal resistance, maximum power is transferred. Tegan Faisal EamonWyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  20. Study Results** • MPP tracking improves TEG power generation by more than 15% over direct charge. **Development of a thermoelectric battery-charger with microcontroller-based maximum power point tracking technique *JensakEakburanawat *ItsdaBoonyaroonate Tegan Faisal EamonWyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  21. Display • Android interface 4.0 • Previous experience • Open Source • GraphView library • External monitor • MatLab • Display • Temperature data • Power reclamation data • Clock speed of the computer TeganFaisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  22. Bluetooth Radio (RN-BlueSMiRF) • 45x16.6x3.9mm • Hardy frequency hopping scheme - operates in harsh RF environments like Wi-Fi, 802.11g, and Zigbee • Operating Temperature: -40 ~ +70C • Operating Voltage: 3.3V-6V • Transmitting distance 18 meters Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  23. Testing • Two identical systems in two different environments. • Compare processing powers with operating temperature. • Compare overall energy savings Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  24. Overview System Roles and Responsibilities

  25. Overview System Diagram

  26. Overview System Diagram: Display

  27. Overview System Diagram: Control

  28. Overview System Diagram: Power Circuit

  29. Constraints/Limitations • Max operating temp: ~90°C • Max TEG efficiency: ~10%. • Maximum Clock Rate Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  30. Risks and contingency plan

  31. Risks • Overheating of components • Inadequate temperature differential • Occurrence of ground fault • Timing Constraints Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  32. Contingency Plan In case of overheating: • Decrease the clock speed. • Increase the flow rate of cold oil. In case of inadequate temperature differential: • Increase the clock speed (Hotter hot side). • Increase the cold water flow rate ( Colder cold side) Risk of ground fault: • Plug the equipment into a GFCI (Ground fault circuit interrupter) protected outlet. For timing constraint: • Additional processing by adding a second microcontroller. Tegan Faisal Eamon Wyatt Aleksey Evan Sarita

  33. Schedule: Fall Semester

  34. Schedule: Spring Semester

  35. Budget

  36. Division of Labor

  37. Questions

  38. Extra Slides Here Be A 3 Headed Dog!!!

  39. Constraints/Limitations • Max operating temp: 100°C • Max TEG efficiency: 10%.

  40. Energy Harvesting • ΔT ≈ 70°C • V = [volts] I = [amps] • MPP tracking. • Cascaded Buck-Boost Converters • V_ο = [volts] I_ο= [amps]

  41. Safety • Pressure control Valve • Emergency Shut off • Automatically activated vents

  42. Control System

  43. Thermoelectric Generators • TEG’s • Efficiency 5-10% • Simple to implement • Seebeck effect • Peltier effect • Thomson effects • Uses • Cars • Solar Cells • Spacecrafts

  44. Micro Hydro Pump

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